ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TNF31 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TNF31 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TNF31. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TNF31 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TNF31 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TNF31,
      WA_V_TNF31 TYPE V_TNF31,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TNF31> TYPE V_TNF31.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TNF31.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TNF31
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TNF31.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TNF31
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TNF312).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TNF31 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TNF312).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TNF31 ASSIGNING <V_TNF31>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TNF31>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TNF31>-EINRI = 1.
<V_TNF31>-TOMID = 1.
<V_TNF31>-LOMID = 1.
<V_TNF31>-GPART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TNF31 INTO WA_V_TNF31.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TNF31-KTART, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNF31-SPERR, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNF31-PRSTD, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNF31-TDFORM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNF31-EDIT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNF31-TXTHE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TNF31 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TNF31 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TNF31 INTO WA_V_TNF31.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EINRI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-EINRI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-EINRI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TOMID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-TOMID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-TOMID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOMID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-LOMID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-LOMID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GPART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-GPART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-GPART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KTART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-KTART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-KTART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field ALTLANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNF31-ALTLANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNF31-ALTLANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TNF31_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EINRI TYPE STRING,
TOMID TYPE STRING,
LOMID TYPE STRING,
GPART TYPE STRING,
KTART TYPE STRING,
SPERR TYPE STRING,
PRSTD TYPE STRING,
TDFORM TYPE STRING,
EDIT TYPE STRING,
TXTHE TYPE STRING,
TXTFO TYPE STRING,
TXTSE TYPE STRING,
TXTSI TYPE STRING,
TXTFR TYPE STRING,
TDDATASET TYPE STRING,
TDSUFFIX1 TYPE STRING,
TDSUFFIX2 TYPE STRING,
TDIMMED TYPE STRING,
TDDELETE TYPE STRING,
TDLIFETIME TYPE STRING,
TDTEST TYPE STRING,
TDDIALOG TYPE STRING,
DEVICE TYPE STRING,
TDCOPIES TYPE STRING,
FBPRINT TYPE STRING,
KATXT TYPE STRING,
FBMOD TYPE STRING,
EINKB TYPE STRING,
TOMTX TYPE STRING,
LOMTX TYPE STRING,
FORMARCHIV TYPE STRING,
FORM_ID TYPE STRING,
AR_OBJECT TYPE STRING,
ARCTEXT TYPE STRING,
ARPER TYPE STRING,
ACTIV TYPE STRING,
LANGUFLAG TYPE STRING,
ALTLANGU TYPE STRING,
SFFNAME TYPE STRING,
SFVARIA TYPE STRING,
SMARTFACT TYPE STRING,
AFNAME TYPE STRING,
AFACT TYPE STRING,
AFSFCOMP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TNF31_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TNF31_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-EINRI sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TOMID sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-LOMID sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-GPART sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-KTART sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-SPERR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-PRSTD sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDFORM sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-EDIT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TXTHE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TXTFO sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TXTSE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TXTSI sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TXTFR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDDATASET sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDSUFFIX1 sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDSUFFIX2 sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDIMMED sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDDELETE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDLIFETIME sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDTEST sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDDIALOG sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-DEVICE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TDCOPIES sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-FBPRINT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-KATXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-FBMOD sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-EINKB sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-TOMTX sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-LOMTX sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-FORMARCHIV sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-FORM_ID sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-AR_OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-ARCTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-ARPER sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-ACTIV sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-LANGUFLAG sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-ALTLANGU sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-SFFNAME sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-SFVARIA sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-SMARTFACT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-AFNAME sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-AFACT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNF31_STR-AFSFCOMP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.