ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TNCH18 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TNCH18 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TNCH18. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TNCH18 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TNCH18 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TNCH18,
      WA_V_TNCH18 TYPE V_TNCH18,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TNCH18> TYPE V_TNCH18.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TNCH18.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TNCH18
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TNCH18.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TNCH18
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TNCH182).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TNCH18 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TNCH182).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TNCH18 ASSIGNING <V_TNCH18>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TNCH18>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TNCH18>-KTART = 1.
<V_TNCH18>-KATXT = 1.
<V_TNCH18>-KUTXT = 1.
<V_TNCH18>-UNTGR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TNCH18 INTO WA_V_TNCH18.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TNCH18-KBVAB, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNCH18-KUEVER, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNCH18-REBEA, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNCH18-SAMRE, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNCH18-ZWIAB, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TNCH18-SORTR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TNCH18 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TNCH18 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TNCH18 INTO WA_V_TNCH18.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KTART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNCH18-KTART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNCH18-KTART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field UNTGR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TNCH18-UNTGR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TNCH18-UNTGR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TNCH18_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
KTART TYPE STRING,
KATXT TYPE STRING,
KUTXT TYPE STRING,
UNTGR TYPE STRING,
KBVAB TYPE STRING,
KUEVER TYPE STRING,
REBEA TYPE STRING,
SAMRE TYPE STRING,
ZWIAB TYPE STRING,
SORTR TYPE STRING,
ABRLS TYPE STRING,
ENDLS TYPE STRING,
ENDAB TYPE STRING,
SEPRE TYPE STRING,
ABRTG TYPE STRING,
ABRIN TYPE STRING,
RHYTH TYPE STRING,
KUEMAH TYPE STRING,
KUEMF TYPE STRING,
KUEVS TYPE STRING,
DIADR TYPE STRING,
AAZKZ TYPE STRING,
ENTAZ TYPE STRING,
VKUAN TYPE STRING,
KUANZ TYPE STRING,
PFLZZ TYPE STRING,
VERZZ TYPE STRING,
STTAG TYPE STRING,
KVGBO TYPE STRING,
UPUSR TYPE STRING,
UPDAT TYPE STRING,
KUALF TYPE STRING,
KUCODE TYPE STRING,
KTKEY TYPE STRING,
RDRUCK TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TNCH18_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KTART sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KATXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUTXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-UNTGR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KBVAB sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUEVER sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-REBEA sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-SAMRE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ZWIAB sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-SORTR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ABRLS sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ENDLS sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ENDAB sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-SEPRE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ABRTG sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ABRIN sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-RHYTH sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUEMAH sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUEMF sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUEVS sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-DIADR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-AAZKZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-ENTAZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-VKUAN sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUANZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-PFLZZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-VERZZ sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-STTAG sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KVGBO sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-UPUSR sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-UPDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUALF sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KUCODE sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-KTKEY sy-vline 
WA_V_TNCH18_STR-RDRUCK sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.