ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TN1M20L into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TN1M20L table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TN1M20L. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TN1M20L table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TN1M20L TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TN1M20L,
      WA_V_TN1M20L TYPE V_TN1M20L,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TN1M20L> TYPE V_TN1M20L.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TN1M20L.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TN1M20L
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TN1M20L.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TN1M20L
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TN1M20L2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TN1M20L INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TN1M20L2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TN1M20L ASSIGNING <V_TN1M20L>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TN1M20L>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TN1M20L>-HIERID = 1.
<V_TN1M20L>-NODE = 1.
<V_TN1M20L>-POSNR = 1.
<V_TN1M20L>-WERKS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TN1M20L INTO WA_V_TN1M20L.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TN1M20L-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TN1M20L-MATKL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TN1M20L-MTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TN1M20L-SETID, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TN1M20L-MDTXT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TN1M20L-VMENG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TN1M20L you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TN1M20L TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TN1M20L INTO WA_V_TN1M20L.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HIERID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TN1M20L-HIERID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TN1M20L-HIERID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field NODE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TN1M20L-NODE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TN1M20L-NODE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TN1M20L-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TN1M20L-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VMEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TN1M20L-VMEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TN1M20L-VMEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KATID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_TN1M20L-KATID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_TN1M20L-KATID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TN1M20L_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
HIERID TYPE STRING,
NODE TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
MTEXT TYPE STRING,
SETID TYPE STRING,
MDTXT TYPE STRING,
VMENG TYPE STRING,
VMEIN TYPE STRING,
KATID TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TN1M20L_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-HIERID sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-NODE sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-MTEXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-SETID sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-MDTXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-VMENG sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-VMEIN sy-vline 
WA_V_TN1M20L_STR-KATID sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.