ABAP Select data from SAP table V_TC21 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_TC21 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_TC21. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_TC21 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_TC21 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_TC21,
      WA_V_TC21 TYPE V_TC21,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_TC21> TYPE V_TC21.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_TC21.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_TC21
  INTO TABLE IT_V_TC21.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_TC21
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_TC212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_TC21 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_TC212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_TC21 ASSIGNING <V_TC21>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_TC21>-MANDT = 1.
<V_TC21>-VGWTS = 1.
<V_TC21>-TXT = 1.
<V_TC21>-PAR01 = 1.
<V_TC21>-PAR02 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_TC21 INTO WA_V_TC21.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_TC21-PAR03, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TC21-PAR04, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TC21-PAR05, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TC21-PAR06, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TC21-PARN1, sy-vline,
  WA_V_TC21-GENER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_TC21 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_TC21 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_TC21 INTO WA_V_TC21.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_TC21_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VGWTS TYPE STRING,
TXT TYPE STRING,
PAR01 TYPE STRING,
PAR02 TYPE STRING,
PAR03 TYPE STRING,
PAR04 TYPE STRING,
PAR05 TYPE STRING,
PAR06 TYPE STRING,
PARN1 TYPE STRING,
GENER TYPE STRING,
BDE01 TYPE STRING,
BDE02 TYPE STRING,
BDE03 TYPE STRING,
BDE04 TYPE STRING,
BDE05 TYPE STRING,
BDE06 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_01 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_01 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_01 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_01 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_02 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_02 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_02 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_02 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_03 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_03 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_03 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_03 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_04 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_04 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_04 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_04 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_05 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_05 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_05 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_05 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_06 TYPE STRING,
RKRCFR_06 TYPE STRING,
RKRCZT_06 TYPE STRING,
RKMLZT_06 TYPE STRING,
BDEP1 TYPE STRING,
SAKL_P1 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_TC21_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_TC21_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-VGWTS sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-TXT sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PAR06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-PARN1 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-GENER sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDE06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_01 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_02 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_03 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_04 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_05 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCFR_06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKRCZT_06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-RKMLZT_06 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-BDEP1 sy-vline 
WA_V_TC21_STR-SAKL_P1 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.