ABAP Select data from SAP table V_NLGR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_NLGR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_NLGR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_NLGR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_NLGR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_NLGR,
      WA_V_NLGR TYPE V_NLGR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_NLGR> TYPE V_NLGR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_NLGR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_NLGR
  INTO TABLE IT_V_NLGR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_NLGR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_NLGR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_NLGR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_NLGR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_NLGR ASSIGNING <V_NLGR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_NLGR>-MANDT = 1.
<V_NLGR>-EINRI = 1.
<V_NLGR>-ZOTYP = 1.
<V_NLGR>-TARID = 1.
<V_NLGR>-TALST = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_NLGR INTO WA_V_NLGR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_NLGR-LFDNR, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NLGR-LSLOW, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NLGR-LSHGH, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NLGR-SELOP, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NLGR-SSIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NLGR-BEGDT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_NLGR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_NLGR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_NLGR INTO WA_V_NLGR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EINRI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-EINRI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-EINRI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ZOTYP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-ZOTYP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-ZOTYP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TARID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-TARID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-TARID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TALST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-TALST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-TALST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LSLOW
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-LSLOW
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-LSLOW.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LSHGH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NLGR-LSHGH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NLGR-LSHGH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_NLGR_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EINRI TYPE STRING,
ZOTYP TYPE STRING,
TARID TYPE STRING,
TALST TYPE STRING,
LFDNR TYPE STRING,
LSLOW TYPE STRING,
LSHGH TYPE STRING,
SELOP TYPE STRING,
SSIGN TYPE STRING,
BEGDT TYPE STRING,
ENDDT TYPE STRING,
UPDAT TYPE STRING,
UPUSR TYPE STRING,
EINKB TYPE STRING,
KATKB TYPE STRING,
KTXT1 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_NLGR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_NLGR_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-EINRI sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-ZOTYP sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-TARID sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-TALST sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-LFDNR sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-LSLOW sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-LSHGH sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-SELOP sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-SSIGN sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-BEGDT sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-ENDDT sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-UPDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-UPUSR sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-EINKB sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-KATKB sy-vline 
WA_V_NLGR_STR-KTXT1 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.