ABAP Select data from SAP table V_NFDOC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_NFDOC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_NFDOC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_NFDOC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_NFDOC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_NFDOC,
      WA_V_NFDOC TYPE V_NFDOC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_NFDOC> TYPE V_NFDOC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_NFDOC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_NFDOC
  INTO TABLE IT_V_NFDOC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_NFDOC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_NFDOC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_NFDOC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_NFDOC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_NFDOC ASSIGNING <V_NFDOC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_NFDOC>-MANDT = 1.
<V_NFDOC>-DOCNUM = 1.
<V_NFDOC>-NFTYPE = 1.
<V_NFDOC>-DOCTYP = 1.
<V_NFDOC>-DIRECT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_NFDOC INTO WA_V_NFDOC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_NFDOC-DOCDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NFDOC-PSTDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NFDOC-CREDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NFDOC-CRETIM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NFDOC-CRENAM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_NFDOC-CHADAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_NFDOC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_NFDOC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_NFDOC INTO WA_V_NFDOC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NFDOC-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NFDOC-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NFDOC-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NFDOC-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PARID
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NFDOC-PARID
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NFDOC-PARID.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field SHPUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NFDOC-SHPUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NFDOC-SHPUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field GEWEI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_NFDOC-GEWEI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_NFDOC-GEWEI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_NFDOC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
DOCNUM TYPE STRING,
NFTYPE TYPE STRING,
DOCTYP TYPE STRING,
DIRECT TYPE STRING,
DOCDAT TYPE STRING,
PSTDAT TYPE STRING,
CREDAT TYPE STRING,
CRETIM TYPE STRING,
CRENAM TYPE STRING,
CHADAT TYPE STRING,
CHATIM TYPE STRING,
CHANAM TYPE STRING,
FORM TYPE STRING,
MODEL TYPE STRING,
SERIES TYPE STRING,
SUBSER TYPE STRING,
NFNUM TYPE STRING,
ENTRAD TYPE STRING,
FATURA TYPE STRING,
ZTERM TYPE STRING,
PRINTD TYPE STRING,
MANUAL TYPE STRING,
FOLLOW TYPE STRING,
WAERK TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BRANCH TYPE STRING,
PARVW TYPE STRING,
PARID TYPE STRING,
PARXCPDK TYPE STRING,
PARTYP TYPE STRING,
CANCEL TYPE STRING,
CANDAT TYPE STRING,
SUBSEQ TYPE STRING,
DOCREF TYPE STRING,
TRATY TYPE STRING,
TRAID TYPE STRING,
INCO1 TYPE STRING,
INCO2 TYPE STRING,
SHPUNT TYPE STRING,
ANZPK TYPE STRING,
SHPMRK TYPE STRING,
SHPNUM TYPE STRING,
BRGEW TYPE STRING,
NTGEW TYPE STRING,
GEWEI TYPE STRING,
ZFBDT TYPE STRING,
WITHA TYPE STRING,
OBSERVAT TYPE STRING,
VSTEL TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_NFDOC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-DOCNUM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-NFTYPE sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-DOCTYP sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-DIRECT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-DOCDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PSTDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CREDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CRETIM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CRENAM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CHADAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CHATIM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CHANAM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-FORM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-MODEL sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SERIES sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SUBSER sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-NFNUM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-ENTRAD sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-FATURA sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-ZTERM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PRINTD sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-MANUAL sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-FOLLOW sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-WAERK sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-BRANCH sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PARVW sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PARID sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PARXCPDK sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-PARTYP sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CANCEL sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-CANDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SUBSEQ sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-DOCREF sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-TRATY sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-TRAID sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-INCO1 sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-INCO2 sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SHPUNT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-ANZPK sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SHPMRK sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-SHPNUM sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-BRGEW sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-NTGEW sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-GEWEI sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-ZFBDT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-WITHA sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-OBSERVAT sy-vline 
WA_V_NFDOC_STR-VSTEL sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.