ABAP Select data from SAP table V_KNMTA into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_KNMTA table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_KNMTA. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_KNMTA table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_KNMTA TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_KNMTA,
      WA_V_KNMTA TYPE V_KNMTA,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_KNMTA> TYPE V_KNMTA.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_KNMTA.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_KNMTA
  INTO TABLE IT_V_KNMTA.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_KNMTA
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_KNMTA2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_KNMTA INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_KNMTA2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_KNMTA ASSIGNING <V_KNMTA>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_KNMTA>-MANDT = 1.
<V_KNMTA>-VKORG = 1.
<V_KNMTA>-VTWEG = 1.
<V_KNMTA>-KUNNR = 1.
<V_KNMTA>-MATNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_KNMTA INTO WA_V_KNMTA.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_KNMTA-ERNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_V_KNMTA-ERDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_KNMTA-SORTL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_KNMTA-KDMAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V_KNMTA-POSTX, sy-vline,
  WA_V_KNMTA-LPRIO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_KNMTA you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_KNMTA TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_KNMTA INTO WA_V_KNMTA.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_KNMTA-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_KNMTA-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_KNMTA-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_KNMTA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_KNMTA-MEINS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_KNMTA-MEINS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field VRKME_T
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_KNMTA-VRKME_T
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_KNMTA-VRKME_T.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_KNMTA_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
ERNAM TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
SORTL TYPE STRING,
KDMAT TYPE STRING,
POSTX TYPE STRING,
LPRIO TYPE STRING,
MINLF TYPE STRING,
MEINS TYPE STRING,
CHSPL TYPE STRING,
KZTLF TYPE STRING,
ANTLF TYPE STRING,
UNTTO TYPE STRING,
UEBTO TYPE STRING,
UEBTK TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
RDPRF TYPE STRING,
MEGRU TYPE STRING,
J_1BTXSDC TYPE STRING,
VWPOS TYPE STRING,
VRKME_T TYPE STRING,
UMVKN_T TYPE STRING,
UMVKZ_T TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_KNMTA_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-ERNAM sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-SORTL sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-KDMAT sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-POSTX sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-LPRIO sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-MINLF sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-MEINS sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-CHSPL sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-KZTLF sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-ANTLF sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-UNTTO sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-UEBTO sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-UEBTK sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-RDPRF sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-MEGRU sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-J_1BTXSDC sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-VWPOS sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-VRKME_T sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-UMVKN_T sy-vline 
WA_V_KNMTA_STR-UMVKZ_T sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.