ABAP Select data from SAP table V_FMHD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_FMHD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_FMHD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_FMHD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_FMHD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_FMHD,
      WA_V_FMHD TYPE V_FMHD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_FMHD> TYPE V_FMHD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_FMHD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_FMHD
  INTO TABLE IT_V_FMHD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_FMHD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_FMHD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_FMHD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_FMHD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_FMHD ASSIGNING <V_FMHD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_FMHD>-CLIENT = 1.
<V_FMHD>-FM_AREA = 1.
<V_FMHD>-CRTUSER = 1.
<V_FMHD>-DOCNR = 1.
<V_FMHD>-PROCESS_UI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_FMHD INTO WA_V_FMHD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_FMHD-VERSION, sy-vline,
  WA_V_FMHD-CRTDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_V_FMHD-CRTTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_V_FMHD-DOCDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_V_FMHD-POSTDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_V_FMHD-REASON_REV, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_FMHD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_FMHD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_FMHD INTO WA_V_FMHD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-DOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-DOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VERSION
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-VERSION
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-VERSION.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LOGSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-LOGSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-LOGSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EXT_DOCNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-EXT_DOCNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-EXT_DOCNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FISCYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-FISCYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-FISCYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field CEFFYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-CEFFYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-CEFFYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIL, internal->external for field CMMTITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIL_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-CMMTITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-CMMTITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GRANT_NBR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-GRANT_NBR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-GRANT_NBR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BUDCAT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_V_FMHD-BUDCAT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_V_FMHD-BUDCAT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_FMHD_STR, 
CLIENT TYPE STRING,
FM_AREA TYPE STRING,
CRTUSER TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
PROCESS_UI TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
CRTDATE TYPE STRING,
CRTTIME TYPE STRING,
DOCDATE TYPE STRING,
POSTDATE TYPE STRING,
REASON_REV TYPE STRING,
RESPPERS TYPE STRING,
TEXT50 TYPE STRING,
TEXTNAME TYPE STRING,
LTXT_IND TYPE STRING,
LAYOUTVAR TYPE STRING,
DOCTYPE TYPE STRING,
LOGSYS TYPE STRING,
COHORT TYPE STRING,
PUBLAW TYPE STRING,
LEGIS TYPE STRING,
EXT_DOCNR TYPE STRING,
TECHORG TYPE STRING,
SUPL_FIELD TYPE STRING,
TRANSFER_AGENCY TYPE STRING,
TRANSFER_ACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
FMFGUS_KEY TYPE STRING,
DUMMY_BCS_DOC_EXT TYPE STRING,
PFM_FOA TYPE STRING,
PFM_SPEC TYPE STRING,
HELD_STATE TYPE STRING,
DOCLN TYPE STRING,
RPMAX TYPE STRING,
FLG_ADDED TYPE STRING,
CTEM_CATEGORY TYPE STRING,
FISCYEAR TYPE STRING,
CEFFYEAR TYPE STRING,
FUND TYPE STRING,
FUNDSCTR TYPE STRING,
CMMTITEM TYPE STRING,
FUNCAREA TYPE STRING,
GRANT_NBR TYPE STRING,
MEASURE TYPE STRING,
USERDIM TYPE STRING,
BUDCAT TYPE STRING,
VALTYPE TYPE STRING,
PROCESS TYPE STRING,
BUDTYPE TYPE STRING,
TCURR TYPE STRING,
TVAL01 TYPE STRING,
TVAL02 TYPE STRING,
TVAL03 TYPE STRING,
TVAL04 TYPE STRING,
TVAL05 TYPE STRING,
TVAL06 TYPE STRING,
TVAL07 TYPE STRING,
TVAL08 TYPE STRING,
TVAL09 TYPE STRING,
TVAL10 TYPE STRING,
TVAL11 TYPE STRING,
TVAL12 TYPE STRING,
TVAL13 TYPE STRING,
TVAL14 TYPE STRING,
TVAL15 TYPE STRING,
TVAL16 TYPE STRING,
LVAL01 TYPE STRING,
LVAL02 TYPE STRING,
LVAL03 TYPE STRING,
LVAL04 TYPE STRING,
LVAL05 TYPE STRING,
LVAL06 TYPE STRING,
LVAL07 TYPE STRING,
LVAL08 TYPE STRING,
LVAL09 TYPE STRING,
LVAL10 TYPE STRING,
LVAL11 TYPE STRING,
LVAL12 TYPE STRING,
LVAL13 TYPE STRING,
LVAL14 TYPE STRING,
LVAL15 TYPE STRING,
LVAL16 TYPE STRING,
DISTKEY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_FMHD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CLIENT sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FM_AREA sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CRTUSER sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-PROCESS_UI sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CRTDATE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CRTTIME sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DOCDATE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-POSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-REASON_REV sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-RESPPERS sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TEXT50 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TEXTNAME sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LTXT_IND sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LAYOUTVAR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DOCTYPE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LOGSYS sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-COHORT sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-PUBLAW sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LEGIS sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-EXT_DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TECHORG sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-SUPL_FIELD sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TRANSFER_AGENCY sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TRANSFER_ACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FMFGUS_KEY sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DUMMY_BCS_DOC_EXT sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-PFM_FOA sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-PFM_SPEC sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-HELD_STATE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DOCLN sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-RPMAX sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FLG_ADDED sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CTEM_CATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FISCYEAR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CEFFYEAR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FUND sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FUNDSCTR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-CMMTITEM sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-FUNCAREA sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-GRANT_NBR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-MEASURE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-USERDIM sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-BUDCAT sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-VALTYPE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-PROCESS sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-BUDTYPE sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TCURR sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL01 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL02 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL03 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL04 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL05 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL06 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL07 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL08 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL09 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL10 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL11 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL12 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL13 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL14 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL15 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-TVAL16 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL01 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL02 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL03 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL04 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL05 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL06 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL07 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL08 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL09 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL10 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL11 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL12 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL13 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL14 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL15 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-LVAL16 sy-vline 
WA_V_FMHD_STR-DISTKEY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.