ABAP Select data from SAP table V_156M into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V_156M table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V_156M. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V_156M table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V_156M TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V_156M,
      WA_V_156M TYPE V_156M,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V_156M> TYPE V_156M.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V_156M.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V_156M
  INTO TABLE IT_V_156M.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V_156M
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V_156M2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V_156M INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V_156M2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V_156M ASSIGNING <V_156M>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V_156M>-BUSTM = 1.
<V_156M>-ZUSTD = 1.
<V_156M>-CNT02 = 1.
<V_156M>-SMARC = 1.
<V_156M>-SMARD = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V_156M INTO WA_V_156M.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V_156M-SMCHB, sy-vline,
  WA_V_156M-SMBPR, sy-vline,
  WA_V_156M-SMLIB, sy-vline,
  WA_V_156M-SMKOL, sy-vline,
  WA_V_156M-SMEIK, sy-vline,
  WA_V_156M-SMKLK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V_156M you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V_156M TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V_156M INTO WA_V_156M.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V_156M_STR, 
BUSTM TYPE STRING,
ZUSTD TYPE STRING,
CNT02 TYPE STRING,
SMARC TYPE STRING,
SMARD TYPE STRING,
SMCHB TYPE STRING,
SMBPR TYPE STRING,
SMLIB TYPE STRING,
SMKOL TYPE STRING,
SMEIK TYPE STRING,
SMKLK TYPE STRING,
SMKUB TYPE STRING,
SEKPO TYPE STRING,
SFAUP TYPE STRING,
SMRES TYPE STRING,
XBBST TYPE STRING,
XBFAU TYPE STRING,
XIUPD TYPE STRING,
KZVBL TYPE STRING,
SMSKU TYPE STRING,
SMSLB TYPE STRING,
SMSSL TYPE STRING,
SMSKA TYPE STRING,
SMSSA TYPE STRING,
SMSPR TYPE STRING,
SMSSP TYPE STRING,
SMSCA TYPE STRING,
SMSOA TYPE STRING,
SMSCP TYPE STRING,
SMSOP TYPE STRING,
LBBSA TYPE STRING,
KBBSA TYPE STRING,
XQSSP TYPE STRING,
SEKPK TYPE STRING,
SISEG TYPE STRING,
SEKLA TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V_156M_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V_156M_STR-BUSTM sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-ZUSTD sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-CNT02 sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMARC sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMARD sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMCHB sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMBPR sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMLIB sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMKOL sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMEIK sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMKLK sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMKUB sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SEKPO sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SFAUP sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMRES sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-XBBST sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-XBFAU sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-XIUPD sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-KZVBL sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSKU sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSLB sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSSL sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSKA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSSA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSPR sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSSP sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSCA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSOA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSCP sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SMSOP sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-LBBSA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-KBBSA sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-XQSSP sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SEKPK sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SISEG sy-vline 
WA_V_156M_STR-SEKLA sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.