ABAP Select data from SAP table V156W into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP V156W table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to V156W. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the V156W table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_V156W TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF V156W,
      WA_V156W TYPE V156W,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <V156W> TYPE V156W.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_V156W.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM V156W
  INTO TABLE IT_V156W.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM V156W
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_V156W2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_V156W INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_V156W2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_V156W ASSIGNING <V156W>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<V156W>-BUSTW = 1.
<V156W>-CNT02 = 1.
<V156W>-VORSL = 1.
<V156W>-FELDN = 1.
<V156W>-SHNAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_V156W INTO WA_V156W.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_V156W-SMNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_V156W-XBMAT, sy-vline,
  WA_V156W-XBBST, sy-vline,
  WA_V156W-XBFAU, sy-vline,
  WA_V156W-XAUTO, sy-vline,
  WA_V156W-XPANZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_V156W you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_V156W TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_V156W INTO WA_V156W.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_V156W_STR, 
BUSTW TYPE STRING,
CNT02 TYPE STRING,
VORSL TYPE STRING,
FELDN TYPE STRING,
SHNAM TYPE STRING,
SMNAM TYPE STRING,
XBMAT TYPE STRING,
XBBST TYPE STRING,
XBFAU TYPE STRING,
XAUTO TYPE STRING,
XPANZ TYPE STRING,
XBSIM TYPE STRING,
BUZID TYPE STRING,
XUMBW TYPE STRING,
XKAAO TYPE STRING,
XMFRW TYPE STRING,
X2DOC TYPE STRING,
XBGBB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_V156W_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_V156W_STR-BUSTW sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-CNT02 sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-VORSL sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-FELDN sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-SHNAM sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-SMNAM sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XBMAT sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XBBST sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XBFAU sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XAUTO sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XPANZ sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XBSIM sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-BUZID sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XUMBW sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XKAAO sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XMFRW sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-X2DOC sy-vline 
WA_V156W_STR-XBGBB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.