ABAP Select data from SAP table UMITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP UMITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to UMITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the UMITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_UMITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF UMITEM,
      WA_UMITEM TYPE UMITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <UMITEM> TYPE UMITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_UMITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM UMITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_UMITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM UMITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_UMITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_UMITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_UMITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_UMITEM ASSIGNING <UMITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<UMITEM>-KAPPL = 1.
<UMITEM>-KNUMA = 1.
<UMITEM>-KSCHL = 1.
<UMITEM>-VAKEY = 1.
<UMITEM>-VAKEY1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_UMITEM INTO WA_UMITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_UMITEM-VAKEY2, sy-vline,
  WA_UMITEM-MATNR, sy-vline,
  WA_UMITEM-DATAB, sy-vline,
  WA_UMITEM-DATBI, sy-vline,
  WA_UMITEM-AUWRT, sy-vline,
  WA_UMITEM-KBETR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_UMITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_UMITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_UMITEM INTO WA_UMITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KNUMA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_UMITEM-KNUMA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_UMITEM-KNUMA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_UMITEM-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_UMITEM-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field KMEIN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_UMITEM-KMEIN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_UMITEM-KMEIN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_UMITEM_STR, 
KAPPL TYPE STRING,
KNUMA TYPE STRING,
KSCHL TYPE STRING,
VAKEY TYPE STRING,
VAKEY1 TYPE STRING,
VAKEY2 TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
DATAB TYPE STRING,
DATBI TYPE STRING,
AUWRT TYPE STRING,
KBETR TYPE STRING,
KAWRT TYPE STRING,
KSTBS TYPE STRING,
RUWRT TYPE STRING,
RR_WAERS TYPE STRING,
KWAEH_AUF TYPE STRING,
KONWS_AUF TYPE STRING,
KBETR_AUF TYPE STRING,
KONBAS TYPE STRING,
KONSTA TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
KONWA TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
WAERS_AU TYPE STRING,
KMEIN_TEXT TYPE STRING,
KPEIN TYPE STRING,
KMEIN TYPE STRING,
KONWS TYPE STRING,
KWAEH TYPE STRING,
KOND_TEXT TYPE STRING,
DUMMY_TXT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_UMITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_UMITEM_STR-KAPPL sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KNUMA sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KSCHL sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-VAKEY sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-VAKEY1 sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-VAKEY2 sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-DATAB sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-DATBI sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-AUWRT sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KBETR sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KAWRT sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KSTBS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-RUWRT sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-RR_WAERS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KWAEH_AUF sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KONWS_AUF sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KBETR_AUF sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KONBAS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KONSTA sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KONWA sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-WAERS_AU sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KMEIN_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KPEIN sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KMEIN sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KONWS sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KWAEH sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-KOND_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_UMITEM_STR-DUMMY_TXT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.