ABAP Select data from SAP table U_12450 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP U_12450 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to U_12450. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the U_12450 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_U_12450 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF U_12450,
      WA_U_12450 TYPE U_12450,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <U_12450> TYPE U_12450.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_U_12450.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM U_12450
  INTO TABLE IT_U_12450.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM U_12450
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_U_124502).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_U_12450 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_U_124502).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_U_12450 ASSIGNING <U_12450>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<U_12450>-MANDT = 1.
<U_12450>-BELNR = 1.
<U_12450>-BLPOS = 1.
<U_12450>-VRGNG = 1.
<U_12450>-ERFAS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_U_12450 INTO WA_U_12450.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_U_12450-ERDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12450-AENDE, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12450-AEDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12450-PTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12450-ERLKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12450-ERLDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_U_12450 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_U_12450 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_U_12450 INTO WA_U_12450.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field MEINH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-MEINH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-MEINH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field PRMEN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-PRMEN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-PRMEN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KSTAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-KSTAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-KSTAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit FMCIS, internal->external for field FIPOS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_FMCIS_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-FIPOS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-FIPOS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AUFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-AUFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-AUFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KOSTL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-KOSTL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-KOSTL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field PSPNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-PSPNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-PSPNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ERLAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-ERLAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-ERLAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field ERL_PSPNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12450-ERL_PSPNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12450-ERL_PSPNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_U_12450_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BLPOS TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
ERFAS TYPE STRING,
ERDAT TYPE STRING,
AENDE TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
PTEXT TYPE STRING,
ERLKZ TYPE STRING,
ERLDAT TYPE STRING,
LOEKZ TYPE STRING,
WTGES TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MEINH TYPE STRING,
PREIS TYPE STRING,
PEINH TYPE STRING,
PRMEN TYPE STRING,
PRUMN TYPE STRING,
PRUMZ TYPE STRING,
KSTAR TYPE STRING,
FIPOS TYPE STRING,
AUFNR TYPE STRING,
KOSTL TYPE STRING,
PSPNR TYPE STRING,
FISTL TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
FDATK TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
ERLAR TYPE STRING,
ERL_PSPNR TYPE STRING,
XSENDER TYPE STRING,
XEMPFGR TYPE STRING,
AUFPL TYPE STRING,
APLZL TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_U_12450_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_U_12450_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-BLPOS sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERFAS sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-AENDE sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PTEXT sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERLKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERLDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-LOEKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-WTGES sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-MEINH sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PREIS sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PEINH sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PRMEN sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PRUMN sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PRUMZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-KSTAR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-FIPOS sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-AUFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-KOSTL sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-PSPNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-FISTL sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-FDATK sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERLAR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-ERL_PSPNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-XSENDER sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-XEMPFGR sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-AUFPL sy-vline 
WA_U_12450_STR-APLZL sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.