ABAP Select data from SAP table U_12431 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP U_12431 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to U_12431. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the U_12431 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_U_12431 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF U_12431,
      WA_U_12431 TYPE U_12431,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <U_12431> TYPE U_12431.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_U_12431.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM U_12431
  INTO TABLE IT_U_12431.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM U_12431
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_U_124312).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_U_12431 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_U_124312).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_U_12431 ASSIGNING <U_12431>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<U_12431>-MANDT = 1.
<U_12431>-LEDNR = 1.
<U_12431>-FIKRS = 1.
<U_12431>-BELNR = 1.
<U_12431>-BUZEI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_U_12431 INTO WA_U_12431.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_U_12431-TWAER, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12431-ZHLDT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12431-GJAHR, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12431-PERIO, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12431-WRTTP, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12431-VRGNG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_U_12431 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_U_12431 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_U_12431 INTO WA_U_12431.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit NUMCV, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_NUMCV_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field WRTTP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-WRTTP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-WRTTP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-GJAHR1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-GJAHR1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR1
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-BELNR1
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-BELNR1.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR2
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-GJAHR2
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-GJAHR2.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR2
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-BELNR2
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-BELNR2.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-EBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-EBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KBLNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-KBLNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-KBLNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HI_ACCOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-HI_ACCOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-HI_ACCOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LO_ACCOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-LO_ACCOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-LO_ACCOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HI_LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-HI_LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-HI_LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LO_LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-LO_LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-LO_LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HI_KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-HI_KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-HI_KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LO_KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-LO_KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-LO_KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CHAINBELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-CHAINBELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-CHAINBELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNRO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12431-BELNRO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12431-BELNRO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_U_12431_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
FIKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
TWAER TYPE STRING,
ZHLDT TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
PERIO TYPE STRING,
WRTTP TYPE STRING,
VRGNG TYPE STRING,
OBJNR TYPE STRING,
POSIT TYPE STRING,
GEBER TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
OBJNRZ TYPE STRING,
ZAPOS TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
LDBTR TYPE STRING,
LDBTRO TYPE STRING,
TRBTR TYPE STRING,
TRBTRO TYPE STRING,
OBBTR TYPE STRING,
OBBTRO TYPE STRING,
BUKRS1 TYPE STRING,
GJAHR1 TYPE STRING,
BELNR1 TYPE STRING,
BUZEI1 TYPE STRING,
BUKRS2 TYPE STRING,
GJAHR2 TYPE STRING,
BELNR2 TYPE STRING,
BUZEI2 TYPE STRING,
EBELN TYPE STRING,
EBELP TYPE STRING,
ZEKKN TYPE STRING,
ETENRM TYPE STRING,
STUNR TYPE STRING,
ZAEHK TYPE STRING,
UMBKZ TYPE STRING,
KBLNR TYPE STRING,
KBLPOS TYPE STRING,
HI_FIVOR TYPE STRING,
LO_FIVOR TYPE STRING,
HI_ACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
LO_ACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
HI_LIFNR TYPE STRING,
LO_LIFNR TYPE STRING,
HI_KUNNR TYPE STRING,
LO_KUNNR TYPE STRING,
XDELETE TYPE STRING,
HI_XOPVW TYPE STRING,
LO_XOPVW TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
CPUTM TYPE STRING,
CHAINBELNR TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
CFSTAT TYPE STRING,
CFSTATSV TYPE STRING,
CFCNT TYPE STRING,
BELNRO TYPE STRING,
BUZEIO TYPE STRING,
LDBTRCCN TYPE STRING,
TRBTRCCN TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_U_12431_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_U_12431_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-FIKRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-TWAER sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-ZHLDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-PERIO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-WRTTP sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-VRGNG sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-OBJNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-POSIT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-GEBER sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-OBJNRZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-ZAPOS sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LDBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LDBTRO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-TRBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-TRBTRO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-OBBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-OBBTRO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUKRS1 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-GJAHR1 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BELNR1 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUZEI1 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUKRS2 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-GJAHR2 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BELNR2 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUZEI2 sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-EBELN sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-EBELP sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-ZEKKN sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-ETENRM sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-STUNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-ZAEHK sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-UMBKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-KBLNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-KBLPOS sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-HI_FIVOR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LO_FIVOR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-HI_ACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LO_ACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-HI_LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LO_LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-HI_KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LO_KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-XDELETE sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-HI_XOPVW sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LO_XOPVW sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CPUTM sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CHAINBELNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CFSTAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CFSTATSV sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-CFCNT sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BELNRO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-BUZEIO sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-LDBTRCCN sy-vline 
WA_U_12431_STR-TRBTRCCN sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.