ABAP Select data from SAP table U_12181 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP U_12181 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to U_12181. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the U_12181 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_U_12181 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF U_12181,
      WA_U_12181 TYPE U_12181,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <U_12181> TYPE U_12181.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_U_12181.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM U_12181
  INTO TABLE IT_U_12181.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM U_12181
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_U_121812).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_U_12181 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_U_121812).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_U_12181 ASSIGNING <U_12181>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<U_12181>-MANDT = 1.
<U_12181>-BUKRS = 1.
<U_12181>-BELNR = 1.
<U_12181>-GJAHR = 1.
<U_12181>-BUZEI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_U_12181 INTO WA_U_12181.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_U_12181-BUZID, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12181-BSCHL, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12181-KOART, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12181-UMSKZ, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12181-UMSKS, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12181-ZUMSK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_U_12181 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_U_12181 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_U_12181 INTO WA_U_12181.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field DMBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-DMBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-DMBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field WRBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-WRBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-WRBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field KZBTR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-KZBTR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-KZBTR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit AU132, internal->external for field PSWBT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_AU132_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-PSWBT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-PSWBT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBUND
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-VBUND
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-VBUND.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ALTKT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-ALTKT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-ALTKT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field FDGRP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-FDGRP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-FDGRP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SAKNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-SAKNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-SAKNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field HKONT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-HKONT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-HKONT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field KUNNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-KUNNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-KUNNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LIFNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-LIFNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-LIFNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field FILKD
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12181-FILKD
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12181-FILKD.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_U_12181_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BUZEI TYPE STRING,
BUZID TYPE STRING,
BSCHL TYPE STRING,
KOART TYPE STRING,
UMSKZ TYPE STRING,
UMSKS TYPE STRING,
ZUMSK TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
GSBER TYPE STRING,
PARGB TYPE STRING,
MWSKZ TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
KZBTR TYPE STRING,
PSWBT TYPE STRING,
VALUT TYPE STRING,
ZUONR TYPE STRING,
SGTXT TYPE STRING,
VBUND TYPE STRING,
ALTKT TYPE STRING,
FDLEV TYPE STRING,
FDGRP TYPE STRING,
FKONT TYPE STRING,
XUMSW TYPE STRING,
XHRES TYPE STRING,
XKRES TYPE STRING,
XOPVW TYPE STRING,
XCPDD TYPE STRING,
SAKNR TYPE STRING,
HKONT TYPE STRING,
KUNNR TYPE STRING,
LIFNR TYPE STRING,
FILKD TYPE STRING,
HZUON TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_U_12181_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_U_12181_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-BUZEI sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-BUZID sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-BSCHL sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-KOART sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-UMSKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-UMSKS sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-ZUMSK sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-GSBER sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-PARGB sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-MWSKZ sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-KZBTR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-PSWBT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-VALUT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-ZUONR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-SGTXT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-VBUND sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-ALTKT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-FDLEV sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-FDGRP sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-FKONT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-XUMSW sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-XHRES sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-XKRES sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-XOPVW sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-XCPDD sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-SAKNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-HKONT sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-KUNNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-LIFNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-FILKD sy-vline 
WA_U_12181_STR-HZUON sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.