ABAP Select data from SAP table U_12180 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP U_12180 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to U_12180. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the U_12180 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_U_12180 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF U_12180,
      WA_U_12180 TYPE U_12180,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <U_12180> TYPE U_12180.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_U_12180.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM U_12180
  INTO TABLE IT_U_12180.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM U_12180
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_U_121802).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_U_12180 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_U_121802).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_U_12180 ASSIGNING <U_12180>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<U_12180>-MANDT = 1.
<U_12180>-BUKRS = 1.
<U_12180>-BELNR = 1.
<U_12180>-GJAHR = 1.
<U_12180>-BLART = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_U_12180 INTO WA_U_12180.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_U_12180-BLDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12180-BUDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12180-MONAT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12180-CPUDT, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12180-CPUTM, sy-vline,
  WA_U_12180-AEDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_U_12180 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_U_12180 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_U_12180 INTO WA_U_12180.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field BELNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-BELNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-BELNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STBLG
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-STBLG
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-STBLG.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field STJAH
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-STJAH
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-STJAH.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field KURSF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-KURSF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-KURSF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field KZKRS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_U_12180-KZKRS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_U_12180-KZKRS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_U_12180_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BELNR TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
BLART TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
MONAT TYPE STRING,
CPUDT TYPE STRING,
CPUTM TYPE STRING,
AEDAT TYPE STRING,
UPDDT TYPE STRING,
WWERT TYPE STRING,
USNAM TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
BVORG TYPE STRING,
XBLNR TYPE STRING,
STBLG TYPE STRING,
STJAH TYPE STRING,
BKTXT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
KURSF TYPE STRING,
KZWRS TYPE STRING,
KZKRS TYPE STRING,
XNETB TYPE STRING,
XRUEB TYPE STRING,
GLVOR TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_U_12180_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_U_12180_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BELNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BLART sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-MONAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-CPUDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-CPUTM sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-AEDAT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-UPDDT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-WWERT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-USNAM sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BVORG sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-XBLNR sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-STBLG sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-STJAH sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-BKTXT sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-KURSF sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-KZWRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-KZKRS sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-XNETB sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-XRUEB sy-vline 
WA_U_12180_STR-GLVOR sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.