ABAP Select data from SAP table TZGR into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TZGR table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TZGR. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TZGR table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TZGR TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TZGR,
      WA_TZGR TYPE TZGR,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TZGR> TYPE TZGR.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TZGR.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TZGR
  INTO TABLE IT_TZGR.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TZGR
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TZGR2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TZGR INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TZGR2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TZGR ASSIGNING <TZGR>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TZGR>-ZGRUP = 1.
<TZGR>-NAME1 = 1.
<TZGR>-OFFS1 = 1.
<TZGR>-LENG1 = 1.
<TZGR>-NAME2 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TZGR INTO WA_TZGR.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TZGR-OFFS2, sy-vline,
  WA_TZGR-LENG2, sy-vline,
  WA_TZGR-NAME3, sy-vline,
  WA_TZGR-OFFS3, sy-vline,
  WA_TZGR-LENG3, sy-vline,
  WA_TZGR-XDEBI, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TZGR you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TZGR TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TZGR INTO WA_TZGR.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TZGR_STR, 
ZGRUP TYPE STRING,
NAME1 TYPE STRING,
OFFS1 TYPE STRING,
LENG1 TYPE STRING,
NAME2 TYPE STRING,
OFFS2 TYPE STRING,
LENG2 TYPE STRING,
NAME3 TYPE STRING,
OFFS3 TYPE STRING,
LENG3 TYPE STRING,
XDEBI TYPE STRING,
XKRED TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TZGR_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TZGR_STR-ZGRUP sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-NAME1 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-OFFS1 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-LENG1 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-NAME2 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-OFFS2 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-LENG2 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-NAME3 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-OFFS3 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-LENG3 sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-XDEBI sy-vline 
WA_TZGR_STR-XKRED sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.