ABAP Select data from SAP table TXX_VDT_DESC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TXX_VDT_DESC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TXX_VDT_DESC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TXX_VDT_DESC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TXX_VDT_DESC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TXX_VDT_DESC,
      WA_TXX_VDT_DESC TYPE TXX_VDT_DESC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TXX_VDT_DESC> TYPE TXX_VDT_DESC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TXX_VDT_DESC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TXX_VDT_DESC
  INTO TABLE IT_TXX_VDT_DESC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TXX_VDT_DESC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TXX_VDT_DESC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TXX_VDT_DESC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TXX_VDT_DESC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TXX_VDT_DESC ASSIGNING <TXX_VDT_DESC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TXX_VDT_DESC>-SEGMENT = 1.
<TXX_VDT_DESC>-FIELDNAME = 1.
<TXX_VDT_DESC>-OFFSET = 1.
<TXX_VDT_DESC>-LENG = 1.
<TXX_VDT_DESC>-DATATYPE = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TXX_VDT_DESC INTO WA_TXX_VDT_DESC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-INTTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-FIELDTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-REPTEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-SCRTEXT_S, sy-vline,
  WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-SCRTEXT_M, sy-vline,
  WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-SCRTEXT_L, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TXX_VDT_DESC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TXX_VDT_DESC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TXX_VDT_DESC INTO WA_TXX_VDT_DESC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit DTYPE, internal->external for field DATATYPE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_DTYPE_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-DATATYPE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-DATATYPE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TXX_VDT_DESC-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR, 
SEGMENT TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
OFFSET TYPE STRING,
LENG TYPE STRING,
DATATYPE TYPE STRING,
INTTYPE TYPE STRING,
FIELDTEXT TYPE STRING,
REPTEXT TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_S TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_M TYPE STRING,
SCRTEXT_L TYPE STRING,
KEYFLAG TYPE STRING,
REFTABLE TYPE STRING,
REFFIELD TYPE STRING,
CHECKTABLE TYPE STRING,
POSITION TYPE STRING,
DECIMALS TYPE STRING,
DOMNAME TYPE STRING,
INTLEN TYPE STRING,
TABNAME TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
ROLLNAME TYPE STRING,
OUTPUTLEN TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
FRKART TYPE STRING,
LOWERCASE TYPE STRING,
REFSEGMENT TYPE STRING,
REFSEGFIELD TYPE STRING,
ORI_TNAME TYPE STRING,
ORI_FNAME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-SEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-OFFSET sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-LENG sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-DATATYPE sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-INTTYPE sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-FIELDTEXT sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-REPTEXT sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-SCRTEXT_S sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-SCRTEXT_M sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-SCRTEXT_L sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-KEYFLAG sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-REFTABLE sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-REFFIELD sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-CHECKTABLE sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-POSITION sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-DECIMALS sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-DOMNAME sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-INTLEN sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-TABNAME sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-ROLLNAME sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-OUTPUTLEN sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-FRKART sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-LOWERCASE sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-REFSEGMENT sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-REFSEGFIELD sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-ORI_TNAME sy-vline 
WA_TXX_VDT_DESC_STR-ORI_FNAME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.