ABAP Select data from SAP table TSTNT into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TSTNT table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TSTNT. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TSTNT table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TSTNT TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TSTNT,
      WA_TSTNT TYPE TSTNT,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TSTNT> TYPE TSTNT.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TSTNT.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TSTNT
  INTO TABLE IT_TSTNT.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TSTNT
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TSTNT2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TSTNT INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TSTNT2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TSTNT ASSIGNING <TSTNT>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TSTNT>-MANDT = 1.
<TSTNT>-EXPOBJ = 1.
<TSTNT>-IDENT = 1.
<TSTNT>-STNID = 1.
<TSTNT>-STTYP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TSTNT INTO WA_TSTNT.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TSTNT-STTIT, sy-vline,
  WA_TSTNT-LANGU, sy-vline,
  WA_TSTNT-CRNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_TSTNT-CRDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TSTNT-CRTIM, sy-vline,
  WA_TSTNT-CHNAM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TSTNT you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TSTNT TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TSTNT INTO WA_TSTNT.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TSTNT-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TSTNT-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TSTNT_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EXPOBJ TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
STNID TYPE STRING,
STTYP TYPE STRING,
STTIT TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
CRNAM TYPE STRING,
CRDAT TYPE STRING,
CRTIM TYPE STRING,
CHNAM TYPE STRING,
CHDAT TYPE STRING,
CHTIM TYPE STRING,
STFMT TYPE STRING,
CHIND TYPE STRING,
EDI TYPE STRING,
EXP_ONLY TYPE STRING,
COMPLETE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TSTNT_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TSTNT_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-EXPOBJ sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-STNID sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-STTYP sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-STTIT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CRNAM sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CRDAT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CRTIM sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CHNAM sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CHDAT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CHTIM sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-STFMT sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-CHIND sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-EDI sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-EXP_ONLY sy-vline 
WA_TSTNT_STR-COMPLETE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.