ABAP Select data from SAP table TRACS_VWPOSTDOC into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TRACS_VWPOSTDOC table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TRACS_VWPOSTDOC. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TRACS_VWPOSTDOC table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TRACS_VWPOSTDOC,
      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC TYPE TRACS_VWPOSTDOC,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TRACS_VWPOSTDOC> TYPE TRACS_VWPOSTDOC.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TRACS_VWPOSTDOC
  INTO TABLE IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TRACS_VWPOSTDOC
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC ASSIGNING <TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>-MANDT = 1.
<TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>-BUKRS = 1.
<TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>-GJAHR = 1.
<TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>-DOCNR = 1.
<TRACS_VWPOSTDOC>-RPNNR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC INTO WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-BUDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-BLDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-DOCNRFI, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-GJAHRFI, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-PERIOD, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-SSTORNO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC INTO WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCNRFI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-DOCNRFI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-DOCNRFI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field GJAHRFI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-GJAHRFI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-GJAHRFI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field STO_DOCFI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-STO_DOCFI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-STO_DOCFI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field STO_GJAHR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-STO_GJAHR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC-STO_GJAHR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
GJAHR TYPE STRING,
DOCNR TYPE STRING,
RPNNR TYPE STRING,
BUDAT TYPE STRING,
BLDAT TYPE STRING,
DOCNRFI TYPE STRING,
GJAHRFI TYPE STRING,
PERIOD TYPE STRING,
SSTORNO TYPE STRING,
SSTOGRD TYPE STRING,
STO_BUDAT TYPE STRING,
STO_DOCFI TYPE STRING,
STO_GJAHR TYPE STRING,
STO_PERIOD TYPE STRING,
RERF TYPE STRING,
DERF TYPE STRING,
TERF TYPE STRING,
REHER TYPE STRING,
RBEAR TYPE STRING,
DBEAR TYPE STRING,
TBEAR TYPE STRING,
RBHER TYPE STRING,
SAPPLICATION TYPE STRING,
AWKEY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-DOCNR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-RPNNR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-BLDAT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-DOCNRFI sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-GJAHRFI sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-PERIOD sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-SSTORNO sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-SSTOGRD sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-STO_BUDAT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-STO_DOCFI sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-STO_GJAHR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-STO_PERIOD sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-RERF sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-DERF sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-TERF sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-REHER sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-RBEAR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-DBEAR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-TBEAR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-RBHER sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-SAPPLICATION sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_VWPOSTDOC_STR-AWKEY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.