ABAP Select data from SAP table TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM,
      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM TYPE TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM> TYPE TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM ASSIGNING <TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>-COMPANY_CODE = 1.
<TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>-VALUATION_AREA = 1.
<TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>-SPECIAL_LEDGER = 1.
<TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>-BUSTRANSID = 1.
<TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM>-DOCUMENTID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM INTO WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FLOW_NUMBER, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-DIS_FLOWTYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-DEBIT_CREDIT_SIGN, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-GL_ACCOUNT, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FOREIGN_AMT, sy-vline,
  WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FOREIGN_CURR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM INTO WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field SPECIAL_LEDGER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-SPECIAL_LEDGER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-SPECIAL_LEDGER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GL_ACCOUNT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-GL_ACCOUNT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-GL_ACCOUNT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field FI_DOC_NR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FI_DOC_NR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FI_DOC_NR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FISCAL_YEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FISCAL_YEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-FISCAL_YEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AWREF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-AWREF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-AWREF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field AWSYS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-AWSYS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM-AWSYS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR, 
COMPANY_CODE TYPE STRING,
VALUATION_AREA TYPE STRING,
SPECIAL_LEDGER TYPE STRING,
BUSTRANSID TYPE STRING,
DOCUMENTID TYPE STRING,
FLOW_NUMBER TYPE STRING,
DIS_FLOWTYPE TYPE STRING,
DEBIT_CREDIT_SIGN TYPE STRING,
GL_ACCOUNT TYPE STRING,
FOREIGN_AMT TYPE STRING,
FOREIGN_CURR TYPE STRING,
LOCAL_AMT TYPE STRING,
LOCAL_CURR TYPE STRING,
FI_DOC_NR TYPE STRING,
FISCAL_YEAR TYPE STRING,
POSTING_DATE TYPE STRING,
AWTYP TYPE STRING,
AWORG TYPE STRING,
AWREF TYPE STRING,
AWSYS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-COMPANY_CODE sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-VALUATION_AREA sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-SPECIAL_LEDGER sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-BUSTRANSID sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-DOCUMENTID sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-FLOW_NUMBER sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-DIS_FLOWTYPE sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-DEBIT_CREDIT_SIGN sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-GL_ACCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-FOREIGN_AMT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-FOREIGN_CURR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-LOCAL_AMT sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-LOCAL_CURR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-FI_DOC_NR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-FISCAL_YEAR sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-POSTING_DATE sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-AWTYP sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-AWORG sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-AWREF sy-vline 
WA_TRACS_QUERY_POSTING_ITEM_STR-AWSYS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.