ABAP Select data from SAP table TQ8T into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TQ8T table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TQ8T. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TQ8T table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TQ8T TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TQ8T,
      WA_TQ8T TYPE TQ8T,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TQ8T> TYPE TQ8T.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TQ8T.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TQ8T
  INTO TABLE IT_TQ8T.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TQ8T
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TQ8T2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TQ8T INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TQ8T2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TQ8T ASSIGNING <TQ8T>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TQ8T>-MANDT = 1.
<TQ8T>-QMTYP = 1.
<TQ8T>-FEKAT = 1.
<TQ8T>-URKAT = 1.
<TQ8T>-MAKAT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TQ8T INTO WA_TQ8T.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TQ8T-MFKAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ8T-OTKAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ8T-KLAKT, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ8T-ARTPR, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ8T-KLART, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ8T-STSMA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TQ8T you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TQ8T TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TQ8T INTO WA_TQ8T.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TQ8T_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
QMTYP TYPE STRING,
FEKAT TYPE STRING,
URKAT TYPE STRING,
MAKAT TYPE STRING,
MFKAT TYPE STRING,
OTKAT TYPE STRING,
KLAKT TYPE STRING,
ARTPR TYPE STRING,
KLART TYPE STRING,
STSMA TYPE STRING,
QMELT TYPE STRING,
QMSMT TYPE STRING,
CUA_FBS TYPE STRING,
AEKNZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TQ8T_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TQ8T_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-QMTYP sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-FEKAT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-URKAT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-MAKAT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-MFKAT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-OTKAT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-KLAKT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-ARTPR sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-KLART sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-STSMA sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-QMELT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-QMSMT sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-CUA_FBS sy-vline 
WA_TQ8T_STR-AEKNZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.