ABAP Select data from SAP table TQ78 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TQ78 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TQ78. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TQ78 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TQ78 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TQ78,
      WA_TQ78 TYPE TQ78,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TQ78> TYPE TQ78.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TQ78.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TQ78
  INTO TABLE IT_TQ78.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TQ78
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TQ782).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TQ78 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TQ782).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TQ78 ASSIGNING <TQ78>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TQ78>-MANDT = 1.
<TQ78>-TCODE = 1.
<TQ78>-MODUS = 1.
<TQ78>-STAT0 = 1.
<TQ78>-STAT1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TQ78 INTO WA_TQ78.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TQ78-STAT4, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ78-STAT2, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ78-STAT3, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ78-STAT5, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ78-STAT7, sy-vline,
  WA_TQ78-STAT9, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TQ78 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TQ78 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TQ78 INTO WA_TQ78.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TQ78_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
MODUS TYPE STRING,
STAT0 TYPE STRING,
STAT1 TYPE STRING,
STAT4 TYPE STRING,
STAT2 TYPE STRING,
STAT3 TYPE STRING,
STAT5 TYPE STRING,
STAT7 TYPE STRING,
STAT9 TYPE STRING,
MBEWERTG TYPE STRING,
TSTICHPRKZ TYPE STRING,
STAT6 TYPE STRING,
STATA TYPE STRING,
STATB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TQ78_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TQ78_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-MODUS sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT0 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT1 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT4 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT2 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT3 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT5 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT7 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT9 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-MBEWERTG sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-TSTICHPRKZ sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STAT6 sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STATA sy-vline 
WA_TQ78_STR-STATB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.