ABAP Select data from SAP table TPICOLORS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TPICOLORS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TPICOLORS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TPICOLORS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TPICOLORS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TPICOLORS,
      WA_TPICOLORS TYPE TPICOLORS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TPICOLORS> TYPE TPICOLORS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TPICOLORS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TPICOLORS
  INTO TABLE IT_TPICOLORS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TPICOLORS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TPICOLORS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TPICOLORS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TPICOLORS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TPICOLORS ASSIGNING <TPICOLORS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TPICOLORS>-FILLCOLOR = 1.
<TPICOLORS>-RED = 1.
<TPICOLORS>-GREEN = 1.
<TPICOLORS>-BLUE = 1.
<TPICOLORS>-USED = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TPICOLORS INTO WA_TPICOLORS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TPICOLORS-CLEFT, sy-vline,
  WA_TPICOLORS-RED, sy-vline,
  WA_TPICOLORS-GREEN, sy-vline,
  WA_TPICOLORS-BLUE, sy-vline,
  WA_TPICOLORS-USED, sy-vline,
  WA_TPICOLORS-CTOP, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TPICOLORS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TPICOLORS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TPICOLORS INTO WA_TPICOLORS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TPICOLORS_STR, 
FILLCOLOR TYPE STRING,
RED TYPE STRING,
GREEN TYPE STRING,
BLUE TYPE STRING,
USED TYPE STRING,
CLEFT TYPE STRING,
RED TYPE STRING,
GREEN TYPE STRING,
BLUE TYPE STRING,
USED TYPE STRING,
CTOP TYPE STRING,
RED TYPE STRING,
GREEN TYPE STRING,
BLUE TYPE STRING,
USED TYPE STRING,
CRIGHT TYPE STRING,
RED TYPE STRING,
GREEN TYPE STRING,
BLUE TYPE STRING,
USED TYPE STRING,
CBOTTOM TYPE STRING,
RED TYPE STRING,
GREEN TYPE STRING,
BLUE TYPE STRING,
USED TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TPICOLORS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-FILLCOLOR sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-RED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-GREEN sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-BLUE sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-USED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-CLEFT sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-RED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-GREEN sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-BLUE sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-USED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-CTOP sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-RED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-GREEN sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-BLUE sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-USED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-CRIGHT sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-RED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-GREEN sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-BLUE sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-USED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-CBOTTOM sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-RED sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-GREEN sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-BLUE sy-vline 
WA_TPICOLORS_STR-USED sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.