ABAP Select data from SAP table TNROST into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TNROST table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TNROST. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TNROST table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TNROST TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TNROST,
      WA_TNROST TYPE TNROST,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TNROST> TYPE TNROST.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TNROST.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TNROST
  INTO TABLE IT_TNROST.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TNROST
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TNROST2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TNROST INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TNROST2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TNROST ASSIGNING <TNROST>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TNROST>-OBJECT = 1.
<TNROST>-LANGU = 1.
<TNROST>-TXT = 1.
<TNROST>-TXTSHORT = 1.
<TNROST>-UNAME = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TNROST INTO WA_TNROST.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TNROST-UDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_TNROST-UTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_TNROST-ENAME, sy-vline,
  WA_TNROST-EDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_TNROST-ETIME, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TNROST you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TNROST TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TNROST INTO WA_TNROST.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ISOLA, internal->external for field LANGU
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ISOLA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNROST-LANGU
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNROST-LANGU.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TNROST_STR, 
OBJECT TYPE STRING,
LANGU TYPE STRING,
TXT TYPE STRING,
TXTSHORT TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
UDATE TYPE STRING,
UTIME TYPE STRING,
ENAME TYPE STRING,
EDATE TYPE STRING,
ETIME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TNROST_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TNROST_STR-OBJECT sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-LANGU sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-TXT sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-TXTSHORT sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-UDATE sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-UTIME sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-ENAME sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-EDATE sy-vline 
WA_TNROST_STR-ETIME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.