ABAP Select data from SAP table TNAFD into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TNAFD table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TNAFD. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TNAFD table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TNAFD TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TNAFD,
      WA_TNAFD TYPE TNAFD,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TNAFD> TYPE TNAFD.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TNAFD.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TNAFD
  INTO TABLE IT_TNAFD.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TNAFD
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TNAFD2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TNAFD INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TNAFD2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TNAFD ASSIGNING <TNAFD>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TNAFD>-MANDT = 1.
<TNAFD>-EINRI = 1.
<TNAFD>-BEWTY = 1.
<TNAFD>-BWART = 1.
<TNAFD>-ORGFA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TNAFD INTO WA_TNAFD.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TNAFD-ORGPF, sy-vline,
  WA_TNAFD-RANK, sy-vline,
  WA_TNAFD-GPART, sy-vline,
  WA_TNAFD-SEQ, sy-vline,
  WA_TNAFD-ENDDA, sy-vline,
  WA_TNAFD-BEGDA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TNAFD you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TNAFD TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TNAFD INTO WA_TNAFD.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field EINRI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-EINRI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-EINRI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORGFA
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-ORGFA
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-ORGFA.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ORGPF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-ORGPF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-ORGPF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RANK
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-RANK
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-RANK.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field GPART
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-GPART
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-GPART.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TARIF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-TARIF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-TARIF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field TALST
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TNAFD-TALST
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TNAFD-TALST.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TNAFD_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
EINRI TYPE STRING,
BEWTY TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
ORGFA TYPE STRING,
ORGPF TYPE STRING,
RANK TYPE STRING,
GPART TYPE STRING,
SEQ TYPE STRING,
ENDDA TYPE STRING,
BEGDA TYPE STRING,
TARIF TYPE STRING,
TALST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TNAFD_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TNAFD_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-EINRI sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-BEWTY sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-ORGFA sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-ORGPF sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-RANK sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-GPART sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-SEQ sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-ENDDA sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-BEGDA sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-TARIF sy-vline 
WA_TNAFD_STR-TALST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.