ABAP Select data from SAP table TMCUS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TMCUS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TMCUS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TMCUS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TMCUS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TMCUS,
      WA_TMCUS TYPE TMCUS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TMCUS> TYPE TMCUS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TMCUS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TMCUS
  INTO TABLE IT_TMCUS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TMCUS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TMCUS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TMCUS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TMCUS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TMCUS ASSIGNING <TMCUS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TMCUS>-MANDT = 1.
<TMCUS>-UNAME = 1.
<TMCUS>-MCAPP = 1.
<TMCUS>-MCANA = 1.
<TMCUS>-MCGRA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TMCUS INTO WA_TMCUS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TMCUS-MCPER, sy-vline,
  WA_TMCUS-MCEXC, sy-vline,
  WA_TMCUS-PFINF, sy-vline,
  WA_TMCUS-IDENT, sy-vline,
  WA_TMCUS-MMSPB, sy-vline,
  WA_TMCUS-KZSPB, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TMCUS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TMCUS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TMCUS INTO WA_TMCUS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TMCUS_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,
MCAPP TYPE STRING,
MCANA TYPE STRING,
MCGRA TYPE STRING,
MCPER TYPE STRING,
MCEXC TYPE STRING,
PFINF TYPE STRING,
IDENT TYPE STRING,
MMSPB TYPE STRING,
KZSPB TYPE STRING,
KURST TYPE STRING,
MCSMCR TYPE STRING,
MCSRUMEDS TYPE STRING,
MCSRUMELI TYPE STRING,
MCSRUMV TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
MCPERZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TMCUS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TMCUS_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-UNAME sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCAPP sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCANA sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCGRA sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCPER sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCEXC sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-PFINF sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-IDENT sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MMSPB sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-KZSPB sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-KURST sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCSMCR sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCSRUMEDS sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCSRUMELI sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCSRUMV sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_TMCUS_STR-MCPERZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.