ABAP Select data from SAP table TFM12 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TFM12 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TFM12. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TFM12 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TFM12 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TFM12,
      WA_TFM12 TYPE TFM12,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TFM12> TYPE TFM12.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TFM12.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TFM12
  INTO TABLE IT_TFM12.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TFM12
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TFM122).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TFM12 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TFM122).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TFM12 ASSIGNING <TFM12>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TFM12>-HIERID = 1.
<TFM12>-VERSION = 1.
<TFM12>-VARIANT = 1.
<TFM12>-FUNKTIDFR = 1.
<TFM12>-VERSIONFR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TFM12 INTO WA_TFM12.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TFM12-VARIANTFR, sy-vline,
  WA_TFM12-FUNKTIDTO, sy-vline,
  WA_TFM12-VERSIONTO, sy-vline,
  WA_TFM12-VARIANTTO, sy-vline,
  WA_TFM12-POSITION, sy-vline,
  WA_TFM12-FSTUSER, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TFM12 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TFM12 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TFM12 INTO WA_TFM12.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TFM12_STR, 
HIERID TYPE STRING,
VERSION TYPE STRING,
VARIANT TYPE STRING,
FUNKTIDFR TYPE STRING,
VERSIONFR TYPE STRING,
VARIANTFR TYPE STRING,
FUNKTIDTO TYPE STRING,
VERSIONTO TYPE STRING,
VARIANTTO TYPE STRING,
POSITION TYPE STRING,
FSTUSER TYPE STRING,
FSTDATE TYPE STRING,
FSTTIME TYPE STRING,
LSTUSER TYPE STRING,
LSTDATE TYPE STRING,
LSTTIME TYPE STRING,
LOESCHZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TFM12_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TFM12_STR-HIERID sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VERSION sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-FUNKTIDFR sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VERSIONFR sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VARIANTFR sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-FUNKTIDTO sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VERSIONTO sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-VARIANTTO sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-POSITION sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-FSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-FSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-FSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-LSTUSER sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-LSTDATE sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-LSTTIME sy-vline 
WA_TFM12_STR-LOESCHZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.