ABAP Select data from SAP table TCNIFP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TCNIFP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TCNIFP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TCNIFP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TCNIFP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TCNIFP,
      WA_TCNIFP TYPE TCNIFP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TCNIFP> TYPE TCNIFP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TCNIFP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TCNIFP
  INTO TABLE IT_TCNIFP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TCNIFP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TCNIFP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TCNIFP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TCNIFP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TCNIFP ASSIGNING <TCNIFP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TCNIFP>-MANDT = 1.
<TCNIFP>-PROFILE = 1.
<TCNIFP>-BDMNG = 1.
<TCNIFP>-WERKS = 1.
<TCNIFP>-MEHRS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TCNIFP INTO WA_TCNIFP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TCNIFP-FLG_EXT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNIFP-FLG_ALL, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNIFP-FLG_PRE, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNIFP-FLG_MAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNIFP-FLG_SALES, sy-vline,
  WA_TCNIFP-FLG_PROJECT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TCNIFP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TCNIFP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TCNIFP INTO WA_TCNIFP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TCNIFP_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PROFILE TYPE STRING,
BDMNG TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
MEHRS TYPE STRING,
FLG_EXT TYPE STRING,
FLG_ALL TYPE STRING,
FLG_PRE TYPE STRING,
FLG_MAT TYPE STRING,
FLG_SALES TYPE STRING,
FLG_PROJECT TYPE STRING,
CAPID TYPE STRING,
STLAN TYPE STRING,
NODLG TYPE STRING,
AV_CHECK TYPE STRING,
FLG_UNIQUE TYPE STRING,
SANKO TYPE STRING,
POSTP TYPE STRING,
SANFE TYPE STRING,
SANKA TYPE STRING,
SANIN TYPE STRING,
KLKSL TYPE STRING,
RVREL TYPE STRING,
SCHGT TYPE STRING,
RVRSL TYPE STRING,
STKKZ TYPE STRING,
ERSKZ TYPE STRING,
ERSSL TYPE STRING,
BEIKZ TYPE STRING,
BESSL TYPE STRING,
AEFRK TYPE STRING,
AEFRP TYPE STRING,
AEFRF TYPE STRING,
AEFRS TYPE STRING,
STPST TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TCNIFP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TCNIFP_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-PROFILE sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-BDMNG sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-MEHRS sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_EXT sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_ALL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_PRE sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_MAT sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_SALES sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_PROJECT sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-CAPID sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-STLAN sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-NODLG sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-AV_CHECK sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-FLG_UNIQUE sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-SANKO sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-POSTP sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-SANFE sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-SANKA sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-SANIN sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-KLKSL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-RVREL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-SCHGT sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-RVRSL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-STKKZ sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-ERSKZ sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-ERSSL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-BEIKZ sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-BESSL sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-AEFRK sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-AEFRP sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-AEFRF sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-AEFRS sy-vline 
WA_TCNIFP_STR-STPST sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.