ABAP Select data from SAP table TCMAC_ST into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TCMAC_ST table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TCMAC_ST. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TCMAC_ST table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TCMAC_ST TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TCMAC_ST,
      WA_TCMAC_ST TYPE TCMAC_ST,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TCMAC_ST> TYPE TCMAC_ST.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TCMAC_ST.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TCMAC_ST
  INTO TABLE IT_TCMAC_ST.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TCMAC_ST
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TCMAC_ST2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TCMAC_ST INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TCMAC_ST2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TCMAC_ST ASSIGNING <TCMAC_ST>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TCMAC_ST>-MANDT = 1.
<TCMAC_ST>-CMSTID = 1.
<TCMAC_ST>-CMPERSL = 1.
<TCMAC_ST>-CMSTNUM = 1.
<TCMAC_ST>-CMSTCAT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TCMAC_ST INTO WA_TCMAC_ST.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TCMAC_ST-CMBENCAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCMAC_ST-CMPREVHE, sy-vline,
  WA_TCMAC_ST-CMSTGRP, sy-vline,
  WA_TCMAC_ST-CMPDISCT1, sy-vline,
  WA_TCMAC_ST-CMPDISCT2, sy-vline,
  WA_TCMAC_ST-CMPDISCT3, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TCMAC_ST you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TCMAC_ST TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TCMAC_ST INTO WA_TCMAC_ST.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TCMAC_ST_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
CMSTID TYPE STRING,
CMPERSL TYPE STRING,
CMSTNUM TYPE STRING,
CMSTCAT TYPE STRING,
CMBENCAT TYPE STRING,
CMPREVHE TYPE STRING,
CMSTGRP TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT1 TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT2 TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT3 TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT4 TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT5 TYPE STRING,
CMPDISCT6 TYPE STRING,
CMNATIO TYPE STRING,
CMLOCCURR TYPE STRING,
CMDOCCURR TYPE STRING,
CMCOMPCODE TYPE STRING,
CMCOCDGRP TYPE STRING,
CMSTCAMPUS TYPE STRING,
CMSTORG TYPE STRING,
CMSTSTATUS TYPE STRING,
CMVISATYPE TYPE STRING,
CMSTKEYDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TCMAC_ST_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTID sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPERSL sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTNUM sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTCAT sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMBENCAT sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPREVHE sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTGRP sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT1 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT2 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT3 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT4 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT5 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMPDISCT6 sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMNATIO sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMLOCCURR sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMDOCCURR sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMCOMPCODE sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMCOCDGRP sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTCAMPUS sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTORG sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMVISATYPE sy-vline 
WA_TCMAC_ST_STR-CMSTKEYDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.