ABAP Select data from SAP table TCGSGP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TCGSGP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TCGSGP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TCGSGP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TCGSGP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TCGSGP,
      WA_TCGSGP TYPE TCGSGP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TCGSGP> TYPE TCGSGP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TCGSGP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TCGSGP
  INTO TABLE IT_TCGSGP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TCGSGP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TCGSGP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TCGSGP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TCGSGP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TCGSGP ASSIGNING <TCGSGP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TCGSGP>-MANDT = 1.
<TCGSGP>-USERID = 1.
<TCGSGP>-CALLERID = 1.
<TCGSGP>-TCODE = 1.
<TCGSGP>-SESSIONID = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TCGSGP INTO WA_TCGSGP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TCGSGP-STEP, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGSGP-SUBSTEP, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGSGP-CRDATE, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGSGP-CRTIME, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGSGP-TABLENAME, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGSGP-FIELDNAME, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TCGSGP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TCGSGP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TCGSGP INTO WA_TCGSGP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TCGSGP_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
USERID TYPE STRING,
CALLERID TYPE STRING,
TCODE TYPE STRING,
SESSIONID TYPE STRING,
STEP TYPE STRING,
SUBSTEP TYPE STRING,
CRDATE TYPE STRING,
CRTIME TYPE STRING,
TABLENAME TYPE STRING,
FIELDNAME TYPE STRING,
VALUE TYPE STRING,
FLG_NON_EMPTY_CH TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TCGSGP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TCGSGP_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-USERID sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-CALLERID sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-TCODE sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-SESSIONID sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-STEP sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-SUBSTEP sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-CRDATE sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-CRTIME sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-TABLENAME sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-FIELDNAME sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-VALUE sy-vline 
WA_TCGSGP_STR-FLG_NON_EMPTY_CH sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.