ABAP Select data from SAP table TCGQUESTEP into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TCGQUESTEP table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TCGQUESTEP. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TCGQUESTEP table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TCGQUESTEP TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TCGQUESTEP,
      WA_TCGQUESTEP TYPE TCGQUESTEP,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TCGQUESTEP> TYPE TCGQUESTEP.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TCGQUESTEP.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TCGQUESTEP
  INTO TABLE IT_TCGQUESTEP.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TCGQUESTEP
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TCGQUESTEP2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TCGQUESTEP INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TCGQUESTEP2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TCGQUESTEP ASSIGNING <TCGQUESTEP>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TCGQUESTEP>-MANDT = 1.
<TCGQUESTEP>-RECN_QUE = 1.
<TCGQUESTEP>-STEP = 1.
<TCGQUESTEP>-CRDAT = 1.
<TCGQUESTEP>-CRNAM = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TCGQUESTEP INTO WA_TCGQUESTEP.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TCGQUESTEP-UPDDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGQUESTEP-UPDNAM, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGQUESTEP-STEPID, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGQUESTEP-SELTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGQUESTEP-REFFLG, sy-vline,
  WA_TCGQUESTEP-HITLFLG, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TCGQUESTEP you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TCGQUESTEP TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TCGQUESTEP INTO WA_TCGQUESTEP.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RECN_QUE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TCGQUESTEP-RECN_QUE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TCGQUESTEP-RECN_QUE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RECN_GRP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TCGQUESTEP-RECN_GRP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TCGQUESTEP-RECN_GRP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TCGQUESTEP_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RECN_QUE TYPE STRING,
STEP TYPE STRING,
CRDAT TYPE STRING,
CRNAM TYPE STRING,
UPDDAT TYPE STRING,
UPDNAM TYPE STRING,
STEPID TYPE STRING,
SELTYP TYPE STRING,
REFFLG TYPE STRING,
HITLFLG TYPE STRING,
RECN_GRP TYPE STRING,
INTFLG TYPE STRING,
LEVL TYPE STRING,
OBJTYPE TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-RECN_QUE sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-STEP sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-CRDAT sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-CRNAM sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-UPDDAT sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-UPDNAM sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-STEPID sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-SELTYP sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-REFFLG sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-HITLFLG sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-RECN_GRP sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-INTFLG sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-LEVL sy-vline 
WA_TCGQUESTEP_STR-OBJTYPE sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.