ABAP Select data from SAP table TBLP_COST_ITEM into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TBLP_COST_ITEM table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TBLP_COST_ITEM. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TBLP_COST_ITEM table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TBLP_COST_ITEM,
      WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM TYPE TBLP_COST_ITEM,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TBLP_COST_ITEM> TYPE TBLP_COST_ITEM.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TBLP_COST_ITEM.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TBLP_COST_ITEM
  INTO TABLE IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TBLP_COST_ITEM
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM ASSIGNING <TBLP_COST_ITEM>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TBLP_COST_ITEM>-MANDT = 1.
<TBLP_COST_ITEM>-TLLONR = 1.
<TBLP_COST_ITEM>-TABIX = 1.
<TBLP_COST_ITEM>-ITEM_CATEGORY = 1.
<TBLP_COST_ITEM>-COST_ELEMENT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM INTO WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-COST_CENTER, sy-vline,
  WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-ACTIVITY_TYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-UOM, sy-vline,
  WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-CO_AREA, sy-vline,
  WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-QUANTITY, sy-vline,
  WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-TOTAL_VALUE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TBLP_COST_ITEM TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TBLP_COST_ITEM INTO WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COST_ELEMENT
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-COST_ELEMENT
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-COST_ELEMENT.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field COST_CENTER
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-COST_CENTER
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-COST_CENTER.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field UOM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-UOM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-UOM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATERIAL
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-MATERIAL
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM-MATERIAL.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
TLLONR TYPE STRING,
TABIX TYPE STRING,
ITEM_CATEGORY TYPE STRING,
COST_ELEMENT TYPE STRING,
COST_CENTER TYPE STRING,
ACTIVITY_TYPE TYPE STRING,
UOM TYPE STRING,
CO_AREA TYPE STRING,
QUANTITY TYPE STRING,
TOTAL_VALUE TYPE STRING,
MATERIAL TYPE STRING,
PLANT TYPE STRING,
OBJNR_S TYPE STRING,
OBJNR_R TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-TLLONR sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-TABIX sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-ITEM_CATEGORY sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-COST_ELEMENT sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-COST_CENTER sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-ACTIVITY_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-UOM sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-CO_AREA sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-QUANTITY sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-TOTAL_VALUE sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-MATERIAL sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-PLANT sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-OBJNR_S sy-vline 
WA_TBLP_COST_ITEM_STR-OBJNR_R sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.