ABAP Select data from SAP table TBIER into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP TBIER table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to TBIER. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the TBIER table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_TBIER TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF TBIER,
      WA_TBIER TYPE TBIER,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <TBIER> TYPE TBIER.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_TBIER.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM TBIER
  INTO TABLE IT_TBIER.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM TBIER
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_TBIER2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_TBIER INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_TBIER2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_TBIER ASSIGNING <TBIER>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<TBIER>-MANDT = 1.
<TBIER>-JOBNAME = 1.
<TBIER>-JOBCOUNT = 1.
<TBIER>-REPNAME = 1.
<TBIER>-VARIANT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_TBIER INTO WA_TBIER.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_TBIER-EXECSERVER, sy-vline,
  WA_TBIER-NOSTARTING, sy-vline,
  WA_TBIER-AKTNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_TBIER-AKTSTAT, sy-vline,
  WA_TBIER-DATUM, sy-vline,
  WA_TBIER-UHRZEIT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_TBIER you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_TBIER TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_TBIER INTO WA_TBIER.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_TBIER_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
JOBNAME TYPE STRING,
JOBCOUNT TYPE STRING,
REPNAME TYPE STRING,
VARIANT TYPE STRING,
EXECSERVER TYPE STRING,
NOSTARTING TYPE STRING,
AKTNUM TYPE STRING,
AKTSTAT TYPE STRING,
DATUM TYPE STRING,
UHRZEIT TYPE STRING,
VERSUCHNR TYPE STRING,
LASTNUM TYPE STRING,
NUMERROR TYPE STRING,
EXTNUM TYPE STRING,
UNAME TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_TBIER_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_TBIER_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-JOBNAME sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-JOBCOUNT sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-REPNAME sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-EXECSERVER sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-NOSTARTING sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-AKTNUM sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-AKTSTAT sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-DATUM sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-UHRZEIT sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-VERSUCHNR sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-LASTNUM sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-NUMERROR sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-EXTNUM sy-vline 
WA_TBIER_STR-UNAME sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.