ABAP Select data from SAP table T874 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T874 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T874. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T874 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T874 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T874,
      WA_T874 TYPE T874,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T874> TYPE T874.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T874.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T874
  INTO TABLE IT_T874.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T874
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T8742).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T874 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T8742).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T874 ASSIGNING <T874>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T874>-MANDT = 1.
<T874>-LEDNR = 1.
<T874>-RVERS = 1.
<T874>-RSUBD = 1.
<T874>-RCOMP = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T874 INTO WA_T874.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T874-RASSC, sy-vline,
  WA_T874-ITEM, sy-vline,
  WA_T874-SITEM, sy-vline,
  WA_T874-FYEAR, sy-vline,
  WA_T874-FPERI, sy-vline,
  WA_T874-CYEAR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T874 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T874 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T874 INTO WA_T874.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-RVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-RVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RASSC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-RASSC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-RASSC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-ITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-ITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-FYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-FYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field CYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T874-CYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T874-CYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T874_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
RVERS TYPE STRING,
RSUBD TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
RASSC TYPE STRING,
ITEM TYPE STRING,
SITEM TYPE STRING,
FYEAR TYPE STRING,
FPERI TYPE STRING,
CYEAR TYPE STRING,
CPERI TYPE STRING,
DEPRL TYPE STRING,
DEPMO TYPE STRING,
DEPRT TYPE STRING,
DEPRP TYPE STRING,
ADDVL TYPE STRING,
BBKVL TYPE STRING,
NDEPR TYPE STRING,
SDEPR TYPE STRING,
ZUSCH TYPE STRING,
ABGAN TYPE STRING,
EBKVL TYPE STRING,
SIGN TYPE STRING,
DEPRM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T874_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T874_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-RVERS sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-RSUBD sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-RASSC sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-ITEM sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-SITEM sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-FYEAR sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-FPERI sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-CYEAR sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-CPERI sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-DEPRL sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-DEPMO sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-DEPRT sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-DEPRP sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-ADDVL sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-BBKVL sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-NDEPR sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-SDEPR sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-ZUSCH sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-ABGAN sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-EBKVL sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-SIGN sy-vline 
WA_T874_STR-DEPRM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.