ABAP Select data from SAP table T873 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T873 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T873. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T873 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T873 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T873,
      WA_T873 TYPE T873,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T873> TYPE T873.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T873.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T873
  INTO TABLE IT_T873.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T873
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T8732).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T873 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T8732).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T873 ASSIGNING <T873>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T873>-MANDT = 1.
<T873>-LEDNR = 1.
<T873>-RVERS = 1.
<T873>-RCOMP = 1.
<T873>-RYEAR = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T873 INTO WA_T873.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T873-PERID, sy-vline,
  WA_T873-ITEM, sy-vline,
  WA_T873-SITEM, sy-vline,
  WA_T873-RSUBD, sy-vline,
  WA_T873-PRIOT, sy-vline,
  WA_T873-STILC, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T873 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T873 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T873 INTO WA_T873.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field LEDNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-LEDNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-LEDNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-RVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-RVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field RYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-RYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-RYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-ITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-ITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DEPRI
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T873-DEPRI
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T873-DEPRI.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T873_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
LEDNR TYPE STRING,
RVERS TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
RYEAR TYPE STRING,
PERID TYPE STRING,
ITEM TYPE STRING,
SITEM TYPE STRING,
RSUBD TYPE STRING,
PRIOT TYPE STRING,
STILC TYPE STRING,
STIRE TYPE STRING,
DEPLC TYPE STRING,
DEPAC TYPE STRING,
DEPRT TYPE STRING,
DEPRP TYPE STRING,
DEPRL TYPE STRING,
DEPRM TYPE STRING,
DEPRI TYPE STRING,
EXTY1 TYPE STRING,
EXCH1 TYPE STRING,
IQERT1 TYPE STRING,
EXTY2 TYPE STRING,
EXCH2 TYPE STRING,
IQERT2 TYPE STRING,
TXT TYPE STRING,
DEPMO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T873_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T873_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-LEDNR sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-RVERS sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-RYEAR sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-PERID sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-ITEM sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-SITEM sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-RSUBD sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-PRIOT sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-STILC sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-STIRE sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPLC sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPAC sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPRT sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPRP sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPRL sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPRM sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPRI sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-EXTY1 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-EXCH1 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-IQERT1 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-EXTY2 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-EXCH2 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-IQERT2 sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-TXT sy-vline 
WA_T873_STR-DEPMO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.