ABAP Select data from SAP table T866 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T866 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T866. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T866 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T866 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T866,
      WA_T866 TYPE T866,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T866> TYPE T866.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T866.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T866
  INTO TABLE IT_T866.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T866
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T8662).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T866 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T8662).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T866 ASSIGNING <T866>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T866>-MANDT = 1.
<T866>-RVERS = 1.
<T866>-ITEM = 1.
<T866>-RYEAR = 1.
<T866>-PPDEB = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T866 INTO WA_T866.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T866-PPCRE, sy-vline,
  WA_T866-CPDEB, sy-vline,
  WA_T866-CPCRE, sy-vline,
  WA_T866-DOCTY, sy-vline,
  WA_T866-RMVCT, sy-vline,
  WA_T866-RNDKZ, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T866 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T866 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T866 INTO WA_T866.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RVERS
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-RVERS
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-RVERS.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field ITEM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-ITEM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-ITEM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit INVGJ, internal->external for field RYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_INVGJ_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-RYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-RYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PPDEB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-PPDEB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-PPDEB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field PPCRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-PPCRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-PPCRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CPDEB
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-CPDEB
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-CPDEB.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field CPCRE
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-CPCRE
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-CPCRE.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field DOCTY
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T866-DOCTY
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T866-DOCTY.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T866_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RVERS TYPE STRING,
ITEM TYPE STRING,
RYEAR TYPE STRING,
PPDEB TYPE STRING,
PPCRE TYPE STRING,
CPDEB TYPE STRING,
CPCRE TYPE STRING,
DOCTY TYPE STRING,
RMVCT TYPE STRING,
RNDKZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T866_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T866_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-RVERS sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-ITEM sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-RYEAR sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-PPDEB sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-PPCRE sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-CPDEB sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-CPCRE sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-DOCTY sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-RMVCT sy-vline 
WA_T866_STR-RNDKZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.