ABAP Select data from SAP table T850 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T850 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T850. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T850 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T850 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T850,
      WA_T850 TYPE T850,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T850> TYPE T850.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T850.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T850
  INTO TABLE IT_T850.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T850
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T8502).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T850 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T8502).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T850 ASSIGNING <T850>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T850>-MANDT = 1.
<T850>-RCOMP = 1.
<T850>-TRANS = 1.
<T850>-ACCNT = 1.
<T850>-ACSET = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T850 INTO WA_T850.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T850-PASET, sy-vline,
  WA_T850-CHHB1, sy-vline,
  WA_T850-CHHB2, sy-vline,
  WA_T850-SORT1, sy-vline,
  WA_T850-SORT2, sy-vline,
  WA_T850-SORT3, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T850 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T850 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T850 INTO WA_T850.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field RCOMP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T850-RCOMP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T850-RCOMP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit GJAHR, internal->external for field FYEAR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_GJAHR_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T850-FYEAR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T850-FYEAR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T850_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
RCOMP TYPE STRING,
TRANS TYPE STRING,
ACCNT TYPE STRING,
ACSET TYPE STRING,
PASET TYPE STRING,
CHHB1 TYPE STRING,
CHHB2 TYPE STRING,
SORT1 TYPE STRING,
SORT2 TYPE STRING,
SORT3 TYPE STRING,
REASN TYPE STRING,
RPGRP TYPE STRING,
FYEAR TYPE STRING,
FPERI TYPE STRING,
GPERI TYPE STRING,
COCAT TYPE STRING,
VALIDHB1 TYPE STRING,
VALIDHB2 TYPE STRING,
UPLOAD TYPE STRING,
IMPORT TYPE STRING,
CHDBASE TYPE STRING,
AFTYP TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T850_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T850_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-RCOMP sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-TRANS sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-ACCNT sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-ACSET sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-PASET sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-CHHB1 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-CHHB2 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-SORT1 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-SORT2 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-SORT3 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-REASN sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-RPGRP sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-FYEAR sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-FPERI sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-GPERI sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-COCAT sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-VALIDHB1 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-VALIDHB2 sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-UPLOAD sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-IMPORT sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-CHDBASE sy-vline 
WA_T850_STR-AFTYP sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.