ABAP Select data from SAP table T5A4A into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T5A4A table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T5A4A. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T5A4A table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T5A4A TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T5A4A,
      WA_T5A4A TYPE T5A4A,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T5A4A> TYPE T5A4A.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T5A4A.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T5A4A
  INTO TABLE IT_T5A4A.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T5A4A
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T5A4A2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T5A4A INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T5A4A2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T5A4A ASSIGNING <T5A4A>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T5A4A>-MANDT = 1.
<T5A4A>-TERMS = 1.
<T5A4A>-STAFF = 1.
<T5A4A>-SHIFT = 1.
<T5A4A>-ABSTY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T5A4A INTO WA_T5A4A.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T5A4A-OBSRV, sy-vline,
  WA_T5A4A-ACCUM, sy-vline,
  WA_T5A4A-ADVNC, sy-vline,
  WA_T5A4A-UNITS, sy-vline,
  WA_T5A4A-LEAVE, sy-vline,
  WA_T5A4A-EXTRA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T5A4A you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T5A4A TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T5A4A INTO WA_T5A4A.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T5A4A_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
TERMS TYPE STRING,
STAFF TYPE STRING,
SHIFT TYPE STRING,
ABSTY TYPE STRING,
OBSRV TYPE STRING,
ACCUM TYPE STRING,
ADVNC TYPE STRING,
UNITS TYPE STRING,
LEAVE TYPE STRING,
EXTRA TYPE STRING,
DLYYR TYPE STRING,
DLYMO TYPE STRING,
DLYDY TYPE STRING,
OBSYR TYPE STRING,
OBSMO TYPE STRING,
OBSDY TYPE STRING,
SPLIT TYPE STRING,
RETYR TYPE STRING,
RETMO TYPE STRING,
RETDY TYPE STRING,
FTOFF TYPE STRING,
HYBEG TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T5A4A_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T5A4A_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-TERMS sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-STAFF sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-SHIFT sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-ABSTY sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-OBSRV sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-ACCUM sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-ADVNC sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-UNITS sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-LEAVE sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-EXTRA sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-DLYYR sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-DLYMO sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-DLYDY sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-OBSYR sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-OBSMO sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-OBSDY sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-SPLIT sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-RETYR sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-RETMO sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-RETDY sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-FTOFF sy-vline 
WA_T5A4A_STR-HYBEG sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.