ABAP Select data from SAP table T51TX into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T51TX table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T51TX. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T51TX table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T51TX TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T51TX,
      WA_T51TX TYPE T51TX,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T51TX> TYPE T51TX.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T51TX.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T51TX
  INTO TABLE IT_T51TX.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T51TX
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T51TX2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T51TX INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T51TX2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T51TX ASSIGNING <T51TX>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T51TX>-MANDT = 1.
<T51TX>-MOLGA = 1.
<T51TX>-PERNR = 1.
<T51TX>-SEQNO = 1.
<T51TX>-TIMUN = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T51TX INTO WA_T51TX.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T51TX-TXCMP, sy-vline,
  WA_T51TX-TAXAU, sy-vline,
  WA_T51TX-TXFRM, sy-vline,
  WA_T51TX-INPER, sy-vline,
  WA_T51TX-BONDT, sy-vline,
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T51TX you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T51TX TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T51TX INTO WA_T51TX.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T51TX_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
MOLGA TYPE STRING,
PERNR TYPE STRING,
SEQNO TYPE STRING,
TIMUN TYPE STRING,
TXCMP TYPE STRING,
TAXAU TYPE STRING,
TXFRM TYPE STRING,
INPER TYPE STRING,
BONDT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T51TX_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T51TX_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-MOLGA sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-PERNR sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-SEQNO sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-TIMUN sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-TXCMP sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-TAXAU sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-TXFRM sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-INPER sy-vline 
WA_T51TX_STR-BONDT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.