ABAP Select data from SAP table T186 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T186 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T186. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T186 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T186 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T186,
      WA_T186 TYPE T186,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T186> TYPE T186.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T186.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T186
  INTO TABLE IT_T186.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T186
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T1862).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T186 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T1862).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T186 ASSIGNING <T186>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T186>-MANDT = 1.
<T186>-PROFILNAME = 1.
<T186>-SELEKTIONEN = 1.
<T186>-LIST_TYPE = 1.
<T186>-LIST_CONTROL = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T186 INTO WA_T186.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T186-ONELINE_PER_ITEM, sy-vline,
  WA_T186-DARSTELLUNG, sy-vline,
  WA_T186-KEY_TYPE, sy-vline,
  WA_T186-CHECK_AUTHORITY, sy-vline,
  WA_T186-ENQUE, sy-vline,
  WA_T186-SELKZ_HEAD, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T186 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T186 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T186 INTO WA_T186.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T186_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
PROFILNAME TYPE STRING,
SELEKTIONEN TYPE STRING,
LIST_TYPE TYPE STRING,
LIST_CONTROL TYPE STRING,
ONELINE_PER_ITEM TYPE STRING,
DARSTELLUNG TYPE STRING,
KEY_TYPE TYPE STRING,
CHECK_AUTHORITY TYPE STRING,
ENQUE TYPE STRING,
SELKZ_HEAD TYPE STRING,
EXPAND TYPE STRING,
AMPEL TYPE STRING,
OPEN_DELIVERIES TYPE STRING,
EXTENDED_SHIP_TO TYPE STRING,
EXTENDED_STOCK TYPE STRING,
LEDAT_RULE TYPE STRING,
KUMNG_RULE TYPE STRING,
SELKZ_RULE TYPE STRING,
SPLIT_RULE TYPE STRING,
SHOW_0_QUAN_BLOC TYPE STRING,
SHOW_SCHED_LINE TYPE STRING,
TCODE_STOCK TYPE STRING,
PROT1_SHOW TYPE STRING,
PROT2_SHOW TYPE STRING,
LOES_MODE TYPE STRING,
GUI_STATUS TYPE STRING,
FCODE_PROFIL TYPE STRING,
FCODE_ALLOW_PRF TYPE STRING,
CREATE_PROFIL TYPE STRING,
USER_VARIANT TYPE STRING,
CHANGE_ALLOW TYPE STRING,
REFR_AFTER_SAMD TYPE STRING,
SEL_HU TYPE STRING,
SEL_DON TYPE STRING,
DEL_FOR_PREDEC TYPE STRING,
ADD_DELIVERIES TYPE STRING,
NO_CHECKED_DEL TYPE STRING,
ADD_UNCHKD_DEL TYPE STRING,
HU_PAFCTN TYPE STRING,
SHOW_PACKREQ0 TYPE STRING,
HU_DLVPROT TYPE STRING,
HU_QTYCHG TYPE STRING,
HU_DLVEXT TYPE STRING,
HU_SPLALW TYPE STRING,
SEL_DG TYPE STRING,
ADD_EXT_TMS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T186_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T186_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-PROFILNAME sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SELEKTIONEN sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-LIST_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-LIST_CONTROL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-ONELINE_PER_ITEM sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-DARSTELLUNG sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-KEY_TYPE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-CHECK_AUTHORITY sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-ENQUE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SELKZ_HEAD sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-EXPAND sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-AMPEL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-OPEN_DELIVERIES sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-EXTENDED_SHIP_TO sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-EXTENDED_STOCK sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-LEDAT_RULE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-KUMNG_RULE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SELKZ_RULE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SPLIT_RULE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SHOW_0_QUAN_BLOC sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SHOW_SCHED_LINE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-TCODE_STOCK sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-PROT1_SHOW sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-PROT2_SHOW sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-LOES_MODE sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-GUI_STATUS sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-FCODE_PROFIL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-FCODE_ALLOW_PRF sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-CREATE_PROFIL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-USER_VARIANT sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-CHANGE_ALLOW sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-REFR_AFTER_SAMD sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SEL_HU sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SEL_DON sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-DEL_FOR_PREDEC sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-ADD_DELIVERIES sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-NO_CHECKED_DEL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-ADD_UNCHKD_DEL sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-HU_PAFCTN sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SHOW_PACKREQ0 sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-HU_DLVPROT sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-HU_QTYCHG sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-HU_DLVEXT sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-HU_SPLALW sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-SEL_DG sy-vline 
WA_T186_STR-ADD_EXT_TMS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.