ABAP Select data from SAP table T156C into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T156C table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T156C. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T156C table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T156C TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T156C,
      WA_T156C TYPE T156C,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T156C> TYPE T156C.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T156C.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T156C
  INTO TABLE IT_T156C.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T156C
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T156C2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T156C INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T156C2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T156C ASSIGNING <T156C>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T156C>-LBBSA = 1.
<T156C>-SOBKZ = 1.
<T156C>-XLABST = 1.
<T156C>-XINSME = 1.
<T156C>-XKLABS = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T156C INTO WA_T156C.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T156C-XKINSM, sy-vline,
  WA_T156C-XRETME, sy-vline,
  WA_T156C-XUMLME, sy-vline,
  WA_T156C-XUMLMC, sy-vline,
  WA_T156C-XTRAME, sy-vline,
  WA_T156C-XMKLKK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T156C you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T156C TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T156C INTO WA_T156C.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T156C_STR, 
LBBSA TYPE STRING,
SOBKZ TYPE STRING,
XLABST TYPE STRING,
XINSME TYPE STRING,
XKLABS TYPE STRING,
XKINSM TYPE STRING,
XRETME TYPE STRING,
XUMLME TYPE STRING,
XUMLMC TYPE STRING,
XTRAME TYPE STRING,
XMKLKK TYPE STRING,
XMKLKL TYPE STRING,
XMKUBL TYPE STRING,
XMEIKL TYPE STRING,
XMSLBO TYPE STRING,
XMKQKK TYPE STRING,
XMKQKL TYPE STRING,
XSPEME TYPE STRING,
XKSPEM TYPE STRING,
XMEIKQ TYPE STRING,
XMEIKS TYPE STRING,
XMSQBO TYPE STRING,
XMSPRL TYPE STRING,
XMSPRQ TYPE STRING,
XMSPRS TYPE STRING,
XEINME TYPE STRING,
XMSPRE TYPE STRING,
XMEIKE TYPE STRING,
XMKEKK TYPE STRING,
XMKEKL TYPE STRING,
XMSEBO TYPE STRING,
XKEINM TYPE STRING,
XMTVLA TYPE STRING,
XMTVQU TYPE STRING,
XMTVSP TYPE STRING,
XMTVEI TYPE STRING,
XGLGMG TYPE STRING,
XSATRA TYPE STRING,
XSQTRA TYPE STRING,
XBWESB TYPE STRING,
XMSLBU TYPE STRING,
XMKUKK TYPE STRING,
XSABWE TYPE STRING,
XSQBWE TYPE STRING,
XCWESB TYPE STRING,
XEWESB TYPE STRING,
XQWESB TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T156C_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T156C_STR-LBBSA sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-SOBKZ sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XLABST sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XINSME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XKLABS sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XKINSM sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XRETME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XUMLME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XUMLMC sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XTRAME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKLKK sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKLKL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKUBL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMEIKL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSLBO sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKQKK sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKQKL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XSPEME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XKSPEM sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMEIKQ sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMEIKS sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSQBO sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSPRL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSPRQ sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSPRS sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XEINME sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSPRE sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMEIKE sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKEKK sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKEKL sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSEBO sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XKEINM sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMTVLA sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMTVQU sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMTVSP sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMTVEI sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XGLGMG sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XSATRA sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XSQTRA sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XBWESB sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMSLBU sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XMKUKK sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XSABWE sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XSQBWE sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XCWESB sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XEWESB sy-vline 
WA_T156C_STR-XQWESB sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.