ABAP Select data from SAP table T156 into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T156 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T156. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T156 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T156 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T156,
      WA_T156 TYPE T156,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T156> TYPE T156.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T156.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T156
  INTO TABLE IT_T156.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T156
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T1562).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T156 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T1562).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T156 ASSIGNING <T156>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T156>-MANDT = 1.
<T156>-BWART = 1.
<T156>-SHKZG = 1.
<T156>-KZWES = 1.
<T156>-KZVBU = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T156 INTO WA_T156.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T156-KZDRU, sy-vline,
  WA_T156-KZKON, sy-vline,
  WA_T156-CHNEU, sy-vline,
  WA_T156-KZZDE, sy-vline,
  WA_T156-RSTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_T156-SELPA, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T156 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T156 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T156 INTO WA_T156.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field J_1BITMTYP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T156-J_1BITMTYP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T156-J_1BITMTYP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field J_1BSPCSTO
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_T156-J_1BSPCSTO
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_T156-J_1BSPCSTO.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T156_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BWART TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
KZWES TYPE STRING,
KZVBU TYPE STRING,
KZDRU TYPE STRING,
KZKON TYPE STRING,
CHNEU TYPE STRING,
KZZDE TYPE STRING,
RSTYP TYPE STRING,
SELPA TYPE STRING,
XLAUT TYPE STRING,
KZSTR TYPE STRING,
KZGRU TYPE STRING,
XINVB TYPE STRING,
QSSBW TYPE STRING,
KZBWA TYPE STRING,
XSTBW TYPE STRING,
XPBED TYPE STRING,
XWSBR TYPE STRING,
KZMHD TYPE STRING,
KZCLA TYPE STRING,
XKOKO TYPE STRING,
XKCFC TYPE STRING,
XNEBE TYPE STRING,
J_1BNFREL TYPE STRING,
J_1BNFTYPE TYPE STRING,
J_1BITMTYP TYPE STRING,
J_1BSPCSTO TYPE STRING,
J_1BPARTYP TYPE STRING,
J_1BPARVW TYPE STRING,
RULES TYPE STRING,
J_1AREVIDX TYPE STRING,
J_1ADOCCL TYPE STRING,
J_1AEXPKZ TYPE STRING,
XOARC TYPE STRING,
BUSTR TYPE STRING,
KZDIR TYPE STRING,
OIJ1BNFFI TYPE STRING,
MILL_CPCONF TYPE STRING,
CO_WIPB_CPCONF TYPE STRING,
XWIPB TYPE STRING,
MVT_SOURCE TYPE STRING,
FSH_DEALLOC TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T156_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T156_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-BWART sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZWES sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZVBU sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZDRU sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZKON sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-CHNEU sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZZDE sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-RSTYP sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-SELPA sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XLAUT sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZSTR sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZGRU sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XINVB sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-QSSBW sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZBWA sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XSTBW sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XPBED sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XWSBR sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZMHD sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZCLA sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XKOKO sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XKCFC sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XNEBE sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BNFREL sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BNFTYPE sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BITMTYP sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BSPCSTO sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BPARTYP sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1BPARVW sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-RULES sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1AREVIDX sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1ADOCCL sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-J_1AEXPKZ sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XOARC sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-BUSTR sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-KZDIR sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-OIJ1BNFFI sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-MILL_CPCONF sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-CO_WIPB_CPCONF sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-XWIPB sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-MVT_SOURCE sy-vline 
WA_T156_STR-FSH_DEALLOC sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.