ABAP Select data from SAP table T021Q into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T021Q table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T021Q. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T021Q table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T021Q TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T021Q,
      WA_T021Q TYPE T021Q,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T021Q> TYPE T021Q.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T021Q.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T021Q
  INTO TABLE IT_T021Q.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T021Q
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T021Q2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T021Q INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T021Q2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T021Q ASSIGNING <T021Q>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T021Q>-PROGN = 1.
<T021Q>-ANWND = 1.
<T021Q>-ENTYP = 1.
<T021Q>-LNUMM = 1.
<T021Q>-FNAM1 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T021Q INTO WA_T021Q.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T021Q-FNAM2, sy-vline,
  WA_T021Q-GRUPP, sy-vline,
  WA_T021Q-DYNN1, sy-vline,
  WA_T021Q-DYNN2, sy-vline,
  WA_T021Q-ROWNR, sy-vline,
  WA_T021Q-ANZRO, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T021Q you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T021Q TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T021Q INTO WA_T021Q.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T021Q_STR, 
PROGN TYPE STRING,
ANWND TYPE STRING,
ENTYP TYPE STRING,
LNUMM TYPE STRING,
FNAM1 TYPE STRING,
FNAM2 TYPE STRING,
GRUPP TYPE STRING,
DYNN1 TYPE STRING,
DYNN2 TYPE STRING,
ROWNR TYPE STRING,
ANZRO TYPE STRING,
BUVAR TYPE STRING,
PARID TYPE STRING,
VARNR TYPE STRING,
TLOGO TYPE STRING,
MAXCO TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T021Q_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T021Q_STR-PROGN sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-ANWND sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-ENTYP sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-LNUMM sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-FNAM1 sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-FNAM2 sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-GRUPP sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-DYNN1 sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-DYNN2 sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-ROWNR sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-ANZRO sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-BUVAR sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-PARID sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-VARNR sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-TLOGO sy-vline 
WA_T021Q_STR-MAXCO sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.