ABAP Select data from SAP table T012C into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP T012C table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to T012C. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the T012C table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_T012C TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF T012C,
      WA_T012C TYPE T012C,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <T012C> TYPE T012C.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_T012C.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM T012C
  INTO TABLE IT_T012C.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM T012C
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_T012C2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_T012C INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_T012C2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_T012C ASSIGNING <T012C>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<T012C>-MANDT = 1.
<T012C>-BUKRS = 1.
<T012C>-HBKID = 1.
<T012C>-HKTID = 1.
<T012C>-VORGA = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_T012C INTO WA_T012C.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_T012C-BZDAT, sy-vline,
  WA_T012C-CALI1, sy-vline,
  WA_T012C-VORZE, sy-vline,
  WA_T012C-ABWEI, sy-vline,
  WA_T012C-CALI2, sy-vline,
  WA_T012C-ENDAT, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_T012C you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_T012C TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_T012C INTO WA_T012C.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_T012C_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
HBKID TYPE STRING,
HKTID TYPE STRING,
VORGA TYPE STRING,
BZDAT TYPE STRING,
CALI1 TYPE STRING,
VORZE TYPE STRING,
ABWEI TYPE STRING,
CALI2 TYPE STRING,
ENDAT TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_T012C_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_T012C_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-HBKID sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-HKTID sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-VORGA sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-BZDAT sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-CALI1 sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-VORZE sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-ABWEI sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-CALI2 sy-vline 
WA_T012C_STR-ENDAT sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.