ABAP Select data from SAP table SPTAB into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SPTAB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SPTAB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SPTAB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SPTAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SPTAB,
      WA_SPTAB TYPE SPTAB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SPTAB> TYPE SPTAB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SPTAB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SPTAB
  INTO TABLE IT_SPTAB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SPTAB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SPTAB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SPTAB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SPTAB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SPTAB ASSIGNING <SPTAB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SPTAB>-MATNR = 1.
<SPTAB>-VKORG = 1.
<SPTAB>-VTWEG = 1.
<SPTAB>-WERKS = 1.
<SPTAB>-LGORT = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SPTAB INTO WA_SPTAB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SPTAB-LGNUM, sy-vline,
  WA_SPTAB-LGTYP, sy-vline,
  WA_SPTAB-BWKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_SPTAB-BWTAR, sy-vline,
  WA_SPTAB-MYKEY, sy-vline,
  WA_SPTAB-TBNAM, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SPTAB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SPTAB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SPTAB INTO WA_SPTAB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SPTAB-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SPTAB-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SPTAB_STR, 
MATNR TYPE STRING,
VKORG TYPE STRING,
VTWEG TYPE STRING,
WERKS TYPE STRING,
LGORT TYPE STRING,
LGNUM TYPE STRING,
LGTYP TYPE STRING,
BWKEY TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
MYKEY TYPE STRING,
TBNAM TYPE STRING,
RCODE TYPE STRING,
KZMUS TYPE STRING,
KZSTA TYPE STRING,
UPDKZ TYPE STRING,
BISTSTAT TYPE STRING,
PFSTATUS TYPE STRING,
AKTVST_I TYPE STRING,
AKTVST_U TYPE STRING,
AKTVST_D TYPE STRING,
AKTVST_G TYPE STRING,
RPSRF TYPE STRING,
BERID TYPE STRING,
BERTY TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SPTAB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SPTAB_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-VKORG sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-VTWEG sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-WERKS sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-LGORT sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-LGNUM sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-LGTYP sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-BWKEY sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-MYKEY sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-TBNAM sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-RCODE sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-KZMUS sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-KZSTA sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-UPDKZ sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-BISTSTAT sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-PFSTATUS sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-AKTVST_I sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-AKTVST_U sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-AKTVST_D sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-AKTVST_G sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-RPSRF sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-BERID sy-vline 
WA_SPTAB_STR-BERTY sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.