ABAP Select data from SAP table SP4_TAB into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SP4_TAB table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SP4_TAB. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SP4_TAB table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SP4_TAB TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SP4_TAB,
      WA_SP4_TAB TYPE SP4_TAB,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SP4_TAB> TYPE SP4_TAB.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SP4_TAB.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SP4_TAB
  INTO TABLE IT_SP4_TAB.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SP4_TAB
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SP4_TAB2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SP4_TAB INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SP4_TAB2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SP4_TAB ASSIGNING <SP4_TAB>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SP4_TAB>-SPTXT01 = 1.
<SP4_TAB>-SPTXT02 = 1.
<SP4_TAB>-SPTXT03 = 1.
<SP4_TAB>-SPTXT04 = 1.
<SP4_TAB>-SPTXT05 = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SP4_TAB INTO WA_SP4_TAB.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT06, sy-vline,
  WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT07, sy-vline,
  WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT08, sy-vline,
  WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT09, sy-vline,
  WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT10, sy-vline,
  WA_SP4_TAB-SPTXT11, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SP4_TAB you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SP4_TAB TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SP4_TAB INTO WA_SP4_TAB.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SP4_TAB_STR, 
SPTXT01 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT02 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT03 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT04 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT05 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT06 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT07 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT08 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT09 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT10 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT11 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT12 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT13 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT14 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT15 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT16 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT17 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT18 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT19 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT20 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT21 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT22 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT23 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT24 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT25 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT26 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT27 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT28 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT29 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT30 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT31 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT32 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT33 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT34 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT35 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT36 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT37 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT38 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT39 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT40 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT41 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT42 TYPE STRING,
SPTXT43 TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SP4_TAB_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT01 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT02 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT03 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT04 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT05 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT06 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT07 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT08 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT09 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT10 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT11 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT12 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT13 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT14 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT15 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT16 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT17 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT18 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT19 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT20 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT21 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT22 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT23 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT24 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT25 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT26 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT27 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT28 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT29 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT30 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT31 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT32 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT33 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT34 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT35 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT36 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT37 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT38 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT39 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT40 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT41 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT42 sy-vline 
WA_SP4_TAB_STR-SPTXT43 sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.