ABAP Select data from SAP table SONV into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SONV table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SONV. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SONV table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SONV TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SONV,
      WA_SONV TYPE SONV,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SONV> TYPE SONV.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SONV.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SONV
  INTO TABLE IT_SONV.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SONV
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SONV2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SONV INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SONV2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SONV ASSIGNING <SONV>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SONV>-RCODE = 1.
<SONV>-TRANSA = 1.
<SONV>-REPORT = 1.
<SONV>-DIALOG = 1.
<SONV>-FUNCTI = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SONV INTO WA_SONV.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SONV-USRROLE, sy-vline,
  WA_SONV-COMPO, sy-vline,
  WA_SONV-FLAG, sy-vline,
  WA_SONV-ACCESS, sy-vline,
  WA_SONV-CHCODE, sy-vline,
  WA_SONV-STATUS, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SONV you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SONV TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SONV INTO WA_SONV.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SONV_STR, 
RCODE TYPE STRING,
TRANSA TYPE STRING,
REPORT TYPE STRING,
DIALOG TYPE STRING,
FUNCTI TYPE STRING,
USRROLE TYPE STRING,
COMPO TYPE STRING,
FLAG TYPE STRING,
ACCESS TYPE STRING,
CHCODE TYPE STRING,
STATUS TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SONV_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SONV_STR-RCODE sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-TRANSA sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-REPORT sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-DIALOG sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-FUNCTI sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-USRROLE sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-COMPO sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-FLAG sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-ACCESS sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-CHCODE sy-vline 
WA_SONV_STR-STATUS sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.