ABAP Select data from SAP table SGNBU into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SGNBU table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SGNBU. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SGNBU table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SGNBU TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SGNBU,
      WA_SGNBU TYPE SGNBU,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SGNBU> TYPE SGNBU.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SGNBU.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SGNBU
  INTO TABLE IT_SGNBU.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SGNBU
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SGNBU2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SGNBU INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SGNBU2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SGNBU ASSIGNING <SGNBU>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SGNBU>-AREWR = 1.
<SGNBU>-BDIFP = 1.
<SGNBU>-BUKRS = 1.
<SGNBU>-BWAER = 1.
<SGNBU>-BWKEY = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SGNBU INTO WA_SGNBU.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SGNBU-BWTAR, sy-vline,
  WA_SGNBU-CURTP, sy-vline,
  WA_SGNBU-DMBTR, sy-vline,
  WA_SGNBU-KUFIX, sy-vline,
  WA_SGNBU-KURSF, sy-vline,
  WA_SGNBU-MATNR, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SGNBU you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SGNBU TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SGNBU INTO WA_SGNBU.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field KURSF
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-KURSF
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-KURSF.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ABPSP, internal->external for field PSPNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ABPSP_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-PSPNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-PSPNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit ALPHA, internal->external for field VBELN
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_ALPHA_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-VBELN
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-VBELN.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field WKURS_GR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-WKURS_GR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-WKURS_GR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit EXCRT, internal->external for field WKURS_IR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_EXCRT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-WKURS_IR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-WKURS_IR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field /CWM/VALUM
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_SGNBU-/CWM/VALUM
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_SGNBU-/CWM/VALUM.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SGNBU_STR, 
AREWR TYPE STRING,
BDIFP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
BWAER TYPE STRING,
BWKEY TYPE STRING,
BWTAR TYPE STRING,
CURTP TYPE STRING,
DMBTR TYPE STRING,
KUFIX TYPE STRING,
KURSF TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
MENGE TYPE STRING,
MLMAA TYPE STRING,
NPEINH TYPE STRING,
NPREI TYPE STRING,
POSNR TYPE STRING,
PRAVT TYPE STRING,
PSPNR TYPE STRING,
PWAER TYPE STRING,
REMNG TYPE STRING,
RETPO TYPE STRING,
REWRT TYPE STRING,
REWWR TYPE STRING,
SHKZG TYPE STRING,
TBTKZ TYPE STRING,
UMREZ TYPE STRING,
UMREN TYPE STRING,
VBELN TYPE STRING,
VPRSV TYPE STRING,
WAART TYPE STRING,
REPDAT TYPE STRING,
WAERS TYPE STRING,
WEMNG TYPE STRING,
WEPOS TYPE STRING,
WEUNB TYPE STRING,
WEWRT TYPE STRING,
WEWWR TYPE STRING,
XEKBZ TYPE STRING,
XRUEJ TYPE STRING,
XRUEM TYPE STRING,
WRBTR TYPE STRING,
EREKZ TYPE STRING,
PSTYP TYPE STRING,
LEBRE TYPE STRING,
WEREC TYPE STRING,
IVTYP TYPE STRING,
KUDIF TYPE STRING,
MENGE_F TYPE STRING,
REMNG_F TYPE STRING,
WEMNG_F TYPE STRING,
VRTKZ TYPE STRING,
PRDIF00 TYPE STRING,
WKURS_GR TYPE STRING,
WKURS_IR TYPE STRING,
KUDIF_GR TYPE STRING,
KUDIF_IR TYPE STRING,
REWRT_10 TYPE STRING,
WEWRT_10 TYPE STRING,
VWERE00 TYPE STRING,
/CWM/MENGE TYPE STRING,
/CWM/VALUM TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SGNBU_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SGNBU_STR-AREWR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-BDIFP sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-BWAER sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-BWKEY sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-BWTAR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-CURTP sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-DMBTR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-KUFIX sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-KURSF sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-MENGE sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-MLMAA sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-NPEINH sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-NPREI sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-POSNR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-PRAVT sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-PSPNR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-PWAER sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REMNG sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-RETPO sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REWRT sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REWWR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-SHKZG sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-TBTKZ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-UMREZ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-UMREN sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-VBELN sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-VPRSV sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WAART sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REPDAT sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WAERS sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEMNG sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEPOS sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEUNB sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEWRT sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEWWR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-XEKBZ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-XRUEJ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-XRUEM sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WRBTR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-EREKZ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-PSTYP sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-LEBRE sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEREC sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-IVTYP sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-KUDIF sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-MENGE_F sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REMNG_F sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEMNG_F sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-VRTKZ sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-PRDIF00 sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WKURS_GR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WKURS_IR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-KUDIF_GR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-KUDIF_IR sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-REWRT_10 sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-WEWRT_10 sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-VWERE00 sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-/CWM/MENGE sy-vline 
WA_SGNBU_STR-/CWM/VALUM sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.