ABAP Select data from SAP table SBPT_CMNDS into internal table

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Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP SBPT_CMNDS table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to SBPT_CMNDS. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the SBPT_CMNDS table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_SBPT_CMNDS TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF SBPT_CMNDS,
      WA_SBPT_CMNDS TYPE SBPT_CMNDS,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <SBPT_CMNDS> TYPE SBPT_CMNDS.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_SBPT_CMNDS.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM SBPT_CMNDS
  INTO TABLE IT_SBPT_CMNDS.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM SBPT_CMNDS
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_SBPT_CMNDS2).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_SBPT_CMNDS INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_SBPT_CMNDS2).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_SBPT_CMNDS ASSIGNING <SBPT_CMNDS>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<SBPT_CMNDS>-CLASS = 1.
<SBPT_CMNDS>-CMND_NR = 1.
<SBPT_CMNDS>-CLASSNAME = 1.
<SBPT_CMNDS>-IS_DEFAULT = 1.
<SBPT_CMNDS>-SET_CONFIG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_SBPT_CMNDS INTO WA_SBPT_CMNDS.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_SBPT_CMNDS-ICON, sy-vline,
  WA_SBPT_CMNDS-ICON_TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_SBPT_CMNDS-MENU_TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_SBPT_CMNDS-INFO_TEXT, sy-vline,
  WA_SBPT_CMNDS-POS, sy-vline,
  WA_SBPT_CMNDS-ACTIVE, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_SBPT_CMNDS you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_SBPT_CMNDS TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_SBPT_CMNDS INTO WA_SBPT_CMNDS.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_SBPT_CMNDS_STR, 
CLASS TYPE STRING,
CMND_NR TYPE STRING,
CLASSNAME TYPE STRING,
IS_DEFAULT TYPE STRING,
SET_CONFIG TYPE STRING,
ICON TYPE STRING,
ICON_TEXT TYPE STRING,
MENU_TEXT TYPE STRING,
INFO_TEXT TYPE STRING,
POS TYPE STRING,
ACTIVE TYPE STRING,
CTMENU TYPE STRING,
FGROUP TYPE STRING,
DYN_METH TYPE STRING,
SINGLETON TYPE STRING,
REC_CLASS TYPE STRING,
MULTI_NAV TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-CLASS sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-CMND_NR sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-CLASSNAME sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-IS_DEFAULT sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-SET_CONFIG sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-ICON sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-ICON_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-MENU_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-INFO_TEXT sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-POS sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-ACTIVE sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-CTMENU sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-FGROUP sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-DYN_METH sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-SINGLETON sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-REC_CLASS sy-vline 
WA_SBPT_CMNDS_STR-MULTI_NAV sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.