ABAP Select data from SAP table S821 into internal table

Get Example source ABAP code based on a different SAP table
  Get ABAP code

Below is a number of ABAP code snippets to demonstrate how to select data from SAP S821 table and store it within an internal table, including using the newer @DATA inline declaration methods. It also shows you various ways to process this data using ABAP work area, inline declaration or field symbols including executing all the relevant CONVERSION_EXIT routines specific to S821. See here for more generic Select statement tips.

Sometimes data within SAP is stored within the database table in a different format to what it is displayed to the user. These input/output conversation FM routines are what translates the data between the two formats.

There is also a full declaration of the S821 table where each field has a char/string type for you to simply copy and paste. This allows you to use processing that is only available to these field types such as the CONCATENATE statement.

DATA: IT_S821 TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF S821,
      WA_S821 TYPE S821,
      GD_STR TYPE STRING.

DATA: lo_typedescr type REF TO cl_abap_typedescr.
DATA: lv_fieldname type fieldname.

FIELD-SYMBOLS: <FIELD> TYPE any.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <S821> TYPE S821.

*Process all fields in table header/work area as string values
  PERFORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING wa_S821.

SELECT *
*restrict ABAP select to first 10 rows
 UP TO 10 ROWS      
  FROM S821
  INTO TABLE IT_S821.

*Select data and declare internal table using in-line method @DATA
*SELECT *
*  FROM S821
*  INTO TABLE @DATA(IT_S8212).
*--Further methods of using ABAP code to  select data from SAP database tables

*You can also declare the header/work area using the in-line DATA declaration method
READ TABLE IT_S821 INDEX 1 INTO DATA(WA_S8212).


*Demonstrate how to loop at an internal table and update values using a FIELD-SYMBOL
LOOP AT IT_S821 ASSIGNING <S821>.

*To update a field value using a field symbol simply change the value via the field symbol pointer
<S821>-MANDT = 1.
<S821>-SSOUR = 1.
<S821>-VRSIO = 1.
<S821>-SPMON = 1.
<S821>-SPTAG = 1.

ENDLOOP.

LOOP AT IT_S821 INTO WA_S821.
*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Write selected data to screen/report before conversion.
  WRITE:/ sy-vline,   WA_S821-SPWOC, sy-vline,
  WA_S821-SPBUP, sy-vline,
  WA_S821-BUKRS, sy-vline,
  WA_S821-EKORG, sy-vline,
  WA_S821-LIFWRK, sy-vline,
  WA_S821-ZEMPFWRK, sy-vline.
ENDLOOP.
   
*Add any further fields from structure WA_S821 you want to display...

  WRITE:/ sy-uline.
* Aternatively use generic code to Write field values (and NAME) to screen report
  DO.
    ASSIGN COMPONENT sy-index OF STRUCTURE wa_S821 TO <field>.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. EXIT. ENDIF.
    WRITE:/ 'Field Value', <field>, sy-vline.
    gd_str = <field> .
    lo_typedescr ?= CL_ABAP_DATADESCR=>DESCRIBE_BY_DATA( <field> ).
    lv_fieldname = lo_typedescr->GET_RELATIVE_NAME( ).
    WRITE:/ 'Field Name', lv_fieldname.
  ENDDO.

  
*Redo loop but convert all fields from internal to out value  
LOOP AT IT_S821 INTO WA_S821.


*Write horizonal line to screen report.
  WRITE:/ sy-uline.

*Convert all fields to display/output versions using conversion routines
  PERFORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING wa_EKKO.
	 
ENDLOOP.

  
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form convert_all_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM convert_all_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.
DATA: ld_input(1000) TYPE c, ld_output(1000) TYPE C.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPMON
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S821-SPMON
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S821-SPMON.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPWOC
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S821-SPWOC
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S821-SPWOC.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit PERI, internal->external for field SPBUP
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_PERI_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S821-SPBUP
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S821-SPBUP.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit MATN1, internal->external for field MATNR
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_MATN1_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S821-MATNR
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S821-MATNR.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.

*Conversion exit CUNIT, internal->external for field BASME
CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERSION_EXIT_CUNIT_OUTPUT'
  EXPORTING
    input =                      WA_S821-BASME
  IMPORTING
    output =                     ld_input.
WRITE:/ 'Org Value:', WA_S821-BASME.
WRITE:/ 'New Value:', ld_input.
ENDFORM. 

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form process_as_string_field_values
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM process_as_string_field_values CHANGING p_EKKO LIKE wa_EKKO.

TYPES: BEGIN OF T_S821_STR, 
MANDT TYPE STRING,
SSOUR TYPE STRING,
VRSIO TYPE STRING,
SPMON TYPE STRING,
SPTAG TYPE STRING,
SPWOC TYPE STRING,
SPBUP TYPE STRING,
BUKRS TYPE STRING,
EKORG TYPE STRING,
LIFWRK TYPE STRING,
ZEMPFWRK TYPE STRING,
WGRU1 TYPE STRING,
MATKL TYPE STRING,
MATNR TYPE STRING,
PERIV TYPE STRING,
VWDAT TYPE STRING,
BASME TYPE STRING,
ZUBBVLMNG TYPE STRING,
ZNBBVLMNG TYPE STRING,
ZSUBVLMNG TYPE STRING,
ZUBGESPROZ TYPE STRING,
ZNBGESPROZ TYPE STRING,END OF T_EKKO_STR.
DATA: WA_S821_STR type T_EKKO_STR.

DATA: ld_text TYPE string.

LOOP AT IT_EKKO INTO WA_EKKO.
  MOVE-CORRESPONDING wa_EKKO TO WA_EKKO_STR.
  CONCATENATE: sy-vline
WA_S821_STR-MANDT sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-SSOUR sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-VRSIO sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-SPMON sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-SPTAG sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-SPWOC sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-SPBUP sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-BUKRS sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-EKORG sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-LIFWRK sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZEMPFWRK sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-WGRU1 sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-MATKL sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-MATNR sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-PERIV sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-VWDAT sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-BASME sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZUBBVLMNG sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZNBBVLMNG sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZSUBVLMNG sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZUBGESPROZ sy-vline 
WA_S821_STR-ZNBGESPROZ sy-vline      INTO ld_text SEPARATED BY SPACE.

*Add any further fields from structure WA_EKKO_STR you want to CONCATENATE...
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.